李建瑛;孙冰;郭翊蓉;刘锦;迟宝杰;孔凡来;刘永杰;

• 1:山东农业大学植物保护学院
• 2:山东农业工程学院
• 3:曲阜市吴村镇农业综合服务站

摘要(Abstract)：

【目的】探讨不同生草模式对梨园主要害虫及其天敌的影响。【方法】对3种生草模式梨园的树上及树下害虫及天敌的种群动态进行系统调查,并综合分析多样性指数、动态相关性、时间生态位。【结果】人工生草区的蚜虫及梨木虱与清耕区相比种群数量显著减少;人工生草区与自然生草区树上天敌的多样性指数(H)和优势度指数(D)平均值分别为1.15、1.00和0.60、0.55,显著高于清耕区;人工生草区树上各类天敌的种群数量显著增多,尤其是龟纹瓢虫,即使在使用杀虫剂后,人工生草区数量也是自然生草区的1.21倍,清耕区的3.31倍;与自然生草区相比,草内龟纹瓢虫和草蛉的种群数量显著增多;果园生草减弱了蚜虫与龟纹瓢虫的相关性,增强了害虫与其他天敌的相关性;人工生草区的害虫时间生态位最小,天敌时间生态位及害虫天敌间生态位重叠和相似性最大。【结论】人工种植长柔毛野豌豆可以明显影响梨园害虫天敌的发生动态和时序特征,使天敌的数量更稳定,有利于控制梨园害虫。

关键词(KeyWords)： 梨园;生草模式;长柔毛野豌豆;种群动态;多样性指数;时间生态位

Abstract:

Keywords:

基金项目(Foundation): 国家重点研发计划（2018YFD0201403）

作者(Authors): 李建瑛;孙冰;郭翊蓉;刘锦;迟宝杰;孔凡来;刘永杰;

DOI: 10.13925/j.cnki.gsxb.20200139

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