杏胚珠培养及幼胚子叶不定芽诱导研究Ovule culture and adventitious bud regeneration from immature cotyledons of apricot
楚宗丽;王力荣;朱更瑞;冯义彬;方伟超;
摘要(Abstract)：
以盛花后25、35、50、55、60d的凯特杏胚珠为外植体,研究胚珠培养的适宜条件;选择发育一致的幼胚子叶,研究不定芽的发生条件。结果表明,SH培养基是凯特杏胚珠培养的适宜培养基;盛花后25d的凯特杏胚珠(PF=0),仅采用生长培养不足以发育成可见胚,试验采用诱导方式获得了可见胚,诱导出胚率为80%;以MS为基本培养基,BA与NAA结合诱导能力强;但这种胚小且瘦弱,继续生长培养,利用幼胚子叶诱导不定芽。在幼胚子叶诱导不定芽方面,盛花后25、35d取样的凯特杏胚珠,培养后获得幼胚子叶,诱导不定芽的适宜TDZ质量浓度为1.25mg/L,诱导出芽率分别为85.00%、80.00%;盛花后50、55d取样的材料,适宜TDZ质量浓度为2.50mg/L,出芽率分别为65.00%、60.00%,而盛花后60d取样的材料,适宜TDZ质量浓度为5.0mg/L,出芽率为61.11%,不定芽主要发生在子叶的近轴面、胚轴连接处及子叶近轴端两侧;在相同培养基中,25℃进行21d暗培养,盛花后35、50、55、60d材料出芽率分别为72.22%、65.00%、60.00%、55.56%;4℃下28d暗培养,35、50、55、60d依次为59.09%,71.42%、77.78%、86.36%;对不定芽进行伸长、生根与快繁培养,获得了健康正常的植株。通过以上研究,建立了凯特杏幼胚4级培养体系,即(1)胚珠培养,获得可见胚(1级培养);(2)幼胚生长培养(胚培养),获得了健壮幼胚(2级培养);(3)幼胚子叶再生,获得不定芽(3级培养);(4)不定芽组培苗快繁(4级培养)。
关键词(KeyWords)： 杏;胚珠培养;幼胚子叶;不定芽诱导
基金项目(Foundation):
作者(Author): 楚宗丽;王力荣;朱更瑞;冯义彬;方伟超;
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