张大智;詹儒林;柳凤;李国平;赵艳龙;常金梅;

• 1:中国热带农业科学院南亚热带作物研究所·农业部热带果树生物学重点实验室
• 2:海南大学环境与植物保护学院

摘要(Abstract)：

【目的】从细胞壁降解酶的角度开展其致病机制的研究,探讨杧果细菌性角斑病在发病过程中产生细胞壁降解酶的种类及其在致病过程中的作用,以期为对该病害的有效监测和研发防控新技术提供理论依据。【方法】采用活体外诱导培养和病原菌接种处理,利用3,5-二硝基水杨酸法(DNS法)和紫外分光光度计法检测病原菌侵染过程中细胞壁降解酶活性变化,DDS-ⅡA型电导率仪测定叶片组织浸出液的电导率,并观测细胞壁降解酶对杧果叶片的致病作用。【结果】病原菌在改良的Marcus培养液和罹病组织中均能产生6种主要细胞壁降解酶,其中羧甲基纤维素酶(Cx)活性较高,多聚半乳糖醛酸酶(PG)、果胶甲基半乳糖醛酸酶(PMG)和β-葡萄糖苷酶次之,果胶甲基反式消除酶(PMTE)和多聚半乳糖醛酸反式消除酶(PGTE)较低。病原菌接种杧果叶片后,6种酶活性显著升高,在病菌侵染前期(0~4 d),PMG接种后2 d达到最大活性高峰,酶活值为8.470 U?mg-1,以未含致病菌株的培养基接种杧果叶片作为对照,此时接种处理酶活值是对照的3.805倍;β-葡萄糖苷酶接种后4 d酶活性值最大,为15.190 U?mg-1,是对照的4.388倍。在病菌侵染后期(4~14 d),Cx、PG、PMTE和PGTE均在接种后的10 d达到最高峰,酶活性值分别为25.941、14.605、0.009、0.014 U?mg-1,是对照的2.672、14.634、12.571和4.121倍,在整个测定过程中,对照始终处于较低水平。此外,细胞壁降解酶对杧果叶片具有浸解作用,且浸解损伤程度与酶浓度成正比。【结论】细胞壁降解酶在病原菌的入侵和致病过程中起重要作用。果胶酶在病原菌侵染初期最早分泌并起作用,纤维素酶主要降解次生壁,致病作用发生在后期,并且果胶酶比纤维素酶对杧果叶片的致病作用明显。

关键词(KeyWords)： 杧果细菌性角斑病;细胞壁降解酶;酶活性;致病作用

Abstract:

Keywords:

基金项目(Foundation): 海南自然科学基金(20163109);; 中央级非盈利性研究机构基本科研业务费研究专项(1630062014007);; 农业行业科研专项(201203092-3)

作者(Author): 张大智;詹儒林;柳凤;李国平;赵艳龙;常金梅;

Email:

DOI:

参考文献(References)：

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