程琛;张世祺;林伟杰;陈欢欢;林锋;朱东煌;陈立松;李延;郭九信;

• 1:福建农林大学资源与环境学院·福建省土壤环境健康与调控重点实验室
• 2:平和县农业局琯溪蜜柚综合试验站

摘要(Abstract)：

【目的】分析平和县蜜柚园土壤铜素(Cu)含量状况及其影响因素。【方法】采集福建省平和县代表性蜜柚园的315个0⁴0 cm土样、48个040 cm土样、48个0⁶0 cm剖面和55个市售商品有机肥,对其进行Cu素含量及相关理化性状测定。【结果】蜜柚园的土壤全Cu含量(ω,后同)和有效Cu含量分别为3.060 cm剖面和55个市售商品有机肥,对其进行Cu素含量及相关理化性状测定。【结果】蜜柚园的土壤全Cu含量(ω,后同)和有效Cu含量分别为3.0¹76.9和0.01176.9和0.01²9.62 mg?kg29.62 mg?kg^(-1),其对应的平均值分别为30.15和5.20 mg·kg(-1),其对应的平均值分别为30.15和5.20 mg·kg^(-1),土壤全Cu含量的超标率为0.63%,而土壤有效Cu含量的高量比例达28.89%;其中,土壤全Cu含量和有效Cu含量的平均值分别以芦溪镇和小溪镇最高,且蜜柚园土壤全Cu含量与有效Cu含量间呈极显著正相关(r=0.588**)。土壤有效Cu含量随土层深度的增加而降低,0(-1),土壤全Cu含量的超标率为0.63%,而土壤有效Cu含量的高量比例达28.89%;其中,土壤全Cu含量和有效Cu含量的平均值分别以芦溪镇和小溪镇最高,且蜜柚园土壤全Cu含量与有效Cu含量间呈极显著正相关(r=0.588**)。土壤有效Cu含量随土层深度的增加而降低,0²0 cm、2020 cm、20⁴0 cm和4040 cm和40⁶0 cm土层中有效Cu含量的高量比例分别为95.83%、60.42%和39.58%。通过分析土壤有效Cu的影响因素发现,土壤有效Cu含量呈现出随种植年限、土壤阳离子交换量(CEC)和土壤有机质含量的增加而提高的趋势;同时,市售商品有机肥中全Cu含量的平均值为63.77mg·kg60 cm土层中有效Cu含量的高量比例分别为95.83%、60.42%和39.58%。通过分析土壤有效Cu的影响因素发现,土壤有效Cu含量呈现出随种植年限、土壤阳离子交换量(CEC)和土壤有机质含量的增加而提高的趋势;同时,市售商品有机肥中全Cu含量的平均值为63.77mg·kg^(-1),其中,超标的有机肥品种占21.82%。【结论】平和县蜜柚园土壤Cu含量过量富集和随土层下移的现象突出,这与农户长期不合理施用含Cu肥料及相关制剂有关。为了平和县蜜柚产业的生态可持续发展,建议政府和农户应加大蜜柚生产使用的肥料及相关制剂的Cu污染风险检测与管控。

关键词(KeyWords)： 蜜柚园;土壤全Cu含量;土壤有效Cu含量;影响因素;福建平和

Abstract:

Keywords:

基金项目(Foundation): 国家农业(柑橘)产业技术体系专项(CARS-26-01A);; 福建农林大学科技创新专项基金(CXZX2017229)

作者(Authors): 程琛;张世祺;林伟杰;陈欢欢;林锋;朱东煌;陈立松;李延;郭九信;

DOI: 10.13925/j.cnki.gsxb.20170352

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