枣和酸枣果实韧皮部糖分卸载途径及其积累研究Phloem unloading and sugar accumulation in jujube fruits
侯思皓,边媛,牛辉陵,李新岗
摘要(Abstract)：
【目的】探索不同品种枣和酸枣果实同化物卸载途径差异及其糖分积累特点。【方法】以陕北制干枣品种‘木枣’、兼用品种‘狗头枣’‘邢台酸枣’和‘清涧酸枣’为试验材料,利用透射电镜观察果实韧皮部卸载区细胞超微结构,用高效液相色谱(HPLC)测定不同发育时期枣果实果糖、葡萄糖和蔗糖含量。【结果】‘木枣’‘狗头枣’‘邢台酸枣’和‘清涧酸枣’果实鲜质量生长为双"S"型曲线,果实生长分为前期、中期和后期3个阶段;‘木枣’‘狗头枣’‘邢台酸枣’和‘清涧酸枣’果实不同发育阶段韧皮部筛管伴胞复合体与周围薄壁细胞间胞间连丝密度差异显著,‘木枣’‘狗头枣’中期胞间连丝丰富,胞间连丝密度明显高于前期和后期;‘邢台酸枣’前、中期有少量的胞间连丝,后期几乎观察不到胞间连丝;‘清涧酸枣’后期仅有少量胞间连丝,前、中期几乎观察不到胞间连丝。‘木枣’‘狗头枣’果实发育前期和中期主要积累果糖和葡萄糖,后期主要积累蔗糖。这与酸枣成熟期可溶性糖含量较低,糖积累不明显形成鲜明对比。【结论】不同品种枣果实同化物卸载途径一致,均经历前期质外体途径,中期以共质体途径为主,后期又转换为质外体卸载途径;而酸枣果实虽然存在少量胞间连丝,但总体以质外体运输途径为主。栽培枣的糖含量显著高于酸枣,共质体的运输方式对糖积累具有重要作用。
关键词(KeyWords)： 枣;酸枣;果实;同化物卸载;糖
基金项目(Foundation): 国家“十二五”科技支撑课题(2013BAD14B03);; 陕西省科技统筹课题(2013KTZB03-03)
作者(Author): 侯思皓,边媛,牛辉陵,李新岗
DOI: 10.13925/j.cnki.gsxb.20170138
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