刘芳;林李华;张立丹;樊小林;孙少龙;

• 1:华南农业大学资源环境学院

摘要(Abstract)：

【目的】探讨缺氮及恢复供氮对香蕉苗生长及其根系形态参数的影响,为香蕉苗期形态诊断和氮肥管理提供依据。【方法】通过石英砂培养试验,对比研究了缺氮程度和恢复供氮后香蕉苗表型性状、地上部和根系的干物质质量、根系形态参数等的变化。【结果】缺氮后香蕉苗呈现明显的缺氮症状;恢复供氮32 d后,香蕉苗缺氮症状消失,表型恢复正常性状。但是,缺氮程度、缺后恢复供氮对香蕉生长的影响不同,轻度缺氮不会抑制地上部生长,反而刺激根系生长,显著增加了根系干物质质量;中度缺氮时,明显抑制了香蕉苗生长,地上部干物质质量降低了19.25%,而根系干物质质量无明显变化,缺氮对根系的促生作用减弱。缺氮后,香蕉苗的总根长和直径<2 mm细根的根长明显减小,轻度、中度缺氮时,香蕉苗的总根长分别为正常处理的58.3%和49.7%。但是,缺氮明显增加了香蕉苗平均根直径、总体积和直径>2 mm的根系体积,轻度、中度缺氮期,香蕉苗的平均直径和总体积分别为正常处理的1.85倍和2.01倍、1.62倍和1.31倍。缺氮香蕉苗恢复供氮32 d后,缺氮表型性状完全消失,地上部和整株干物质质量分别增加了6.08%和5.24%;根系趋向正常生长,总根长特别是细根长度显著增加,平均根直径和总体积显著降低,但是,复氮处理的香蕉苗的干物质质量、根系长度、平均根直径和总体积仍达不到正常处理香蕉苗的水平。【结论】香蕉缺氮的表型性状能及时反映香蕉的氮素营养状况,缺氮对香蕉表型性状的影响通过及时补充氮肥可在短期恢复,但干物质质量、根系生长的恢复期滞后于表型性状恢复期。在香蕉栽培过程,香蕉苗期要综合考虑土壤肥力和营养特性合理施肥,避免先缺再补的施肥措施。

关键词(KeyWords)： 香蕉苗;缺氮;复氮;干物质质量;根系形态

Abstract:

Keywords:

基金项目(Foundation): 国家重点研发计划(2017YFD0200701);; 省级重大科研项目(2016KZDXM029);; 国家现代农业产业技术体系建设专项-(CARS-31-06)

作者(Author): 刘芳;林李华;张立丹;樊小林;孙少龙;

Email:

DOI: 10.13925/j.cnki.gsxb.20180168

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