刘军,王小伟,魏钦平,鲁韧强,高照全

• 1:北京市农林科学院林业果树研究所
• 2:北京市农林科学院林业果树研究所
• 3:北京市农林科学院林业果树研究所
• 4:北京市农林科学院林业果树研究所

摘要(Abstract)：

近2个世纪,通过选种和杂交育种,世界葡萄抗寒育种在抗寒性与果实优质性状的结合方面取得了突破,育成许多抗寒性极强(耐-30～-40℃低温)、品质优良的鲜食、酿酒和制汁品种。由于葡萄的抗寒性是受多基因控制的数量性状,杂交后代的抗寒性基本呈以亲中值为峰顶的正态分布,所以我国应积极引进这些品种,在华北、西北等葡萄主产区试验、推广露地越冬栽培的同时,利用它们与现有抗寒性较弱的主栽品种(抗寒性-15～-18℃)杂交,培育适合我国冬季气候条件的抗寒品种(抗寒性在-25℃左右),迅速提高我国葡萄抗寒育种水平。

关键词(KeyWords)： 葡萄;抗寒性;育种

Abstract:

Keywords:

基金项目(Foundation):

作者(Author): 刘军,王小伟,魏钦平,鲁韧强,高照全

参考文献(References)：

• 犤1犦ClarkJR.‘Reliance‘Grape犤J犦.JAmerPomSoc,2002,56(1):2～3.
• 犤2犦RubanNG.Ferganagrapes犤J犦.GenetikeiSelektsii,1971,45(2):76～88.
• 犤3犦杨晶辉.葡萄不同种群、品种及树体情况与冻害关系犤J犦.葡萄栽培与酿酒,1985,(1):9～14.
• 犤4犦新野清.果树园管理のポイント犤J犦.果日本,1991,(12):90～92.
• 犤5犦SwensonEP.WildVitisRipariafromNorthernU.S.andCanadabreedingsourceforwinterhardinessincultivatedgrapes-abackgroundoftheswensonhybrids犤J犦.FruitVarJ,1985,39(1):28～31.
• 犤6犦贺普超主编.葡萄学犤M犦.北京:中国农业出版社,1999.276～278.
• 犤7犦陈辉.葡萄抗寒育种40年回顾与展望犤J犦.北方园艺,1997,(3):41～43.
• 犤8犦PoolRM,WatsonJP,KimballKH,etal.‘Canadice’grape犤J犦.HortScience,1977,12(6):586.
• 犤9犦PoolRM,WatsonJP,KimballKH,etal.‘Glenora’grape犤J犦.HortScience,1977,12(6):587.
• 犤10犦PoolRM,RemailyG,ReischBI,etal.‘RemailySeedless’grape犤J犦.HortScience,1981,16(2):232～233.
• 犤11犦ReischBI,RemailyGW,PoolRM,etal.‘EinsetSeedless’grape犤J犦.HortScience,1986,21(1):155～156.
• 犤12犦ReischBI,PoolRM,MartensMH,etal.‘Marquis’grape犤J犦.HortScience,1997,32(1):154～155.
• 犤13犦ReischB,RobinsonWB,KimballK,etal.‘Horizon’grape犤J犦.HortScience,1983,18(1):108～109.
• 犤14犦ReischBI,PoolRM,WatsonJP,etal.‘Melody’grape犤J犦.HortScience,1986,21(1):158～159.
• 犤15犦ReischBI,PoolRM,RobinsonWB,etal.‘Traminette’grape犤J犦.HortScience,1997,32(1):152～153.
• 犤16犦ClarkJR.Grapebreedingattheuniversityofarkansas:approachingfortyyearsofprogress犤J犦.ActaHort,2003,603:357～360.
• 犤17犦PetersonRM,WaplesJR,EversNP.‘Valiant’grape犤J犦.HortScience,1988,23(2):417.
• 犤18犦OkieWR.Registerofnewfruitandnutvarieties:List38犤J犦.HortScience,1997,32(5):785～805.
• 犤19犦HemstadPR,LubyJL.LaCrescent,anewcoldhardy,highquali-ty,whitewinevariety犤J犦.ActaHort,2003,603:719～722.
• 犤20犦CumminsJN.Registerofnewfruitandnutvarieties:List35犤J犦.HortScience,1991,26(8):951～986.
• 犤21犦SwensonE.TheMinn.#78grape—LadyofMystery犤J犦.FruitVarJ,1991,45(1):6～8.
• 犤22犦SwensonE,PierquetP,StushnoffC.‘Edelweiss’and‘SwensonRed’grapes犤J犦.HortScience,1980,15(1):100.
• 犤23犦OkieWR.Registerofnewfruitandnutvarieties:List41犤J犦.HortScience,2002,37(2):251～272.
• 犤24犦Lane.RP,OwenMA.‘Loomis’muscadinegrape犤J犦.HortScience,1989,24(2):398～399.
• 犤25犦BradtOA.‘Ventura’grape犤J犦.HortScience,1975,10(4):430.
• 犤26犦BradtOA.‘Veeblanc’grape犤J犦.HortScience,1978,13(3):304.
• 犤27犦FisherKH,BradtOA.‘Vivant’grape犤J犦.HortScience,1985,20(1):148～149.
• 犤28犦FisherKH,JamiesonAR.L‘Acadie,acoldhardy,whitewinegrapecultivarforlowheatunitregions犤J犦.ActaHort,2000,528:563～567.
• 犤29犦BradtOA.‘Festivee’grape犤J犦.HortScience,1978,13(3):304.
• 犤30犦FisherKH,BradtOA.‘Vanessa’grape犤J犦.HortScience,1985,20(1):147～148.
• 犤31犦ReynoldsAG,DenbyLG,BouthillierM,etal.‘SovereignOpal’grape犤J犦.HortScience,1988,23(3):642～643.
• 犤32犦ReynoldsAG,DenbyLG,BouthillierM,etal.‘SovereignTiara’grape犤J犦.HortScience,1989,24(2):397～398.
• 犤33犦ReynoldsAG,DenbyLG,BouthillierM.‘Simone’grape犤J犦.HortScience,1989,24(5):866～867.
• 犤34犦ReynoldsAG,BouthillierM,WardleDA,etal.‘SkookumSeed-less’tablegrape犤J犦.HortScience,1997,32(4):743～744.
• 犤35犦ReynoldsAG,BouthillierM,WardleDA,etal.‘SookeSeedless’tablegrape犤J犦.HortScience,1997,32(4):745～746.
• 犤36犦DenbyLG,WoodDF.‘SovereignRose’grape犤J犦.HortScience,1977,12(5):513.
• 犤37犦DenbyLG.‘SovereignCoronation’grape犤J犦.HortScience,1977,12(5):512.
• 犤38犦CahoonGA.HistoryofthefrenchhybridgrapesinNorthAmerica犤J犦.FruitVarJ,1996,50(4):202～216.
• 犤39犦BordelonBP,FerreeDC,ZabadalTJ.Grapebudsurvivalinthemid-westfollowingthewinterof1993～1994犤J犦.FruitVarJ,1997,51(1):53～59.
• 犤40犦BoginichVT.FrostresistanceandwinterhardinessofgrapeinthePrimor‘eregion犤J犦.GenetikeiSelektsii,1978,62(2):99～109.
• 犤41犦ЯвруянСГ.Новыеморозоyстойчивыесортавинограда犤J犦.ВиноделиеивиноградарствоСССР,1980,8:48～50.
• 犤42犦FilippenkoIM.Prospectsofdistanthybridizationingrapebreeding犤J犦.ВиноделиеивиноградарствоСССР,1973,1:33～34.
• 犤43犦ПотапенкоАИ.Генетическиерезервыселекциивинограда犤J犦.ВиноделиеивиноградарствоСССР,1987,6:67.
• 犤44犦КострикинИА,МайстренкоЛА,ИвановЙ.НовыйбессемянныйсортвиноградаРусбол犤J犦.Садоводствоивиноградарство,1994,1:14～15.
• 犤45犦贺普超,罗国光.葡萄学犤M犦.北京:中国农业出版社,1994.167.
• 犤46犦KondarevM,KoevK.Frostdamagetosomewineanddessertgrapeva-rietiesintheChirpanregion犤J犦.LozarstvoiVinarstvo,1982,31(2)34～35.
• 犤47犦DanulescuD,VilleGS,CracanaA.Newgrapevinevarietieswithin-creasedfrostresistancefortheconditionsofcultivationinnorth-easternMoldavia犤J犦.ProductiaVegetalaHorticultura,1984,66(2):35～38.
• 犤48犦山根弘康.ブドウ—安艺クイ-ン、ハニ-シ-ドレス、ノ-スブラック犤J犦.今月の农业,1992,36(2):60～64.
• 犤49犦平川信之.“话题の品种”ブドウ·ノ-スレッド犤J犦.果日本,1995,50(10):8.
• 犤50犦王中英,童德中.我国新育成的核果类、浆果类果树抗寒良种犤J犦.山西果树,1997,(3):5～7.
• 犤51犦宋润刚,路文鹏,王军,等.选育抗寒酿酒葡萄新品种的研究犤J犦.中外葡萄与葡萄酒,1999,(3):5～8.
• 犤52犦张淑芳,张敏聪.葡萄新品种“内醇丰”犤J犦.内蒙古农业科技,1996,(3):33.