李涵;王志伟;孙波;邹甜;孙小武;

• 1:湖南农业大学园艺园林学院
• 2:湖南省西瓜甜瓜研究所

摘要(Abstract)：

【目的】探明土壤镉含量与西瓜茎叶、果实镉含量的关系,以确定西瓜安全生产的土壤镉含量阈值。【方法】采用盆栽的方法,研究了不同土壤镉含量条件下,‘黑马王子’(无籽西瓜)和‘黑媚娘’(有籽西瓜)的根、茎叶、果实的镉含量。【结果】明确了镉在西瓜植株内的分布规律为:茎叶>根>果实,西瓜果实镉含量随着土壤镉含量的增加而升高。【结论】根据不同土壤镉含量与西瓜果实镉含量的拟合方程,推算出‘黑马王子’和‘黑媚娘’安全生产的土壤(p H<5.6)镉含量分别为10.04和12.69 mg·kg^(-1)。

关键词(KeyWords)： 西瓜;茎叶;果实,土壤;镉

Abstract:

Keywords:

基金项目(Foundation): 现代农业产业技术体系建设专项(CARS-26-09)

作者(Authors): 李涵;王志伟;孙波;邹甜;孙小武;

DOI: 10.13925/j.cnki.gsxb.20160307

参考文献(References)：

• [1]丁真真.中国农田土壤重金属污染与其植物修复研究[J].水土保持研究,2007,14(3):19-20.DING Zhenzhen.Farmland soil heavy metal pollution in our country and plant repair research[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,2007,14(3):19-20.
• [2]王有年,关伟,邢彦峰,杜相堂,杨爱珍,王一鸣.镉胁迫对‘丽春’桃幼苗镉积累及其根系生长的影响[J].园艺学报,2008,35(6):787-792.WANG Younian,GUAN Wei,XING Yanfeng,DU Xiangtang,YANG Aizhen,WANG Yiming.Effects on the growth of root and cadmium accumulation in‘Li chun’peach under cadmium stress[J].Acta Horticulturae Sinica,2008,35(6):787-792.
• [3]SALT D E,PRINCE R C,PICKERING I J,RASKIN I.Mechanisms of cadmium mobility and accumulation in Indian mustard[J].Plant physiology,1995,109(4):1427-1433.
• [4]刘建新.镉胁迫下玉米幼苗生理生态的变化[J].生态学杂志,2005,24(3):265-268.LIU Jianxin.Physiological and ecological responses of maize seedlings to cadmium stress[J].Chinese Journal of Ecology,2005,24(3):265-268.
• [5]崔玉静,黄益宗,朱永官.镉对人类健康的危害及其影响因子的研究进展[J].卫生研究,2006,35(5):656-659.CUI Yujing,HUANG Yizong,ZHU Yongguan.Adverse health effects of cadmium and related factors[J].Journal of Hygiene Research,2006,35(5):656-659.
• [6]郑陶,李廷轩,张锡洲,于海英,王勇.水稻镉高积累品种对镉的富集特性[J].中国农业科学,2013,46(7):1492-1500.ZHENG Tao,LI Tingxuan,ZHANG Xizhou,YU Haiying,WANG Yong.Accumulation characteristics of cadmium-accumulated rice cultivars with high cadmium accumulation[J].Scientia Agricultura Sinica,2013,46(7):1492-1500.
• [7]黄铮,徐力刚,徐南军,杨劲松.土壤作物系统中重金属污染的植物修复技术研究现状与前景[J].农业环境科学学报,2007,26(增刊):58-62.HUANG Zheng,XU Ligang,XU Nanjun,YANG Jinsong.Current statusand expectation of phytore mediation of heavy metals in soil-crop system[J].Journal of Agro-Environment Science,2007,26(Suppl.):58-62.
• [8]孙胜,张智,卢敏敏,邢国明.镉对小型西瓜幼苗生长及光合特性的影响[J].农业与技术,2009,29(3):39-42.SUN Sheng,ZHANG Zhi,LU Minmin,XING Guoming.Effects of cadmium on growth and photosynthetic characteristics of small watermelon seedlings[J].Agriculture and Technology,2009,29(3):39-42.
• [9]谭秋英,张礼红,石跃才,孙小武.湖南西瓜甜瓜产业发展现状问题及对策[J].中国瓜菜,2015,28(3):68-71.TAN Qiuying,ZHANG Lihong,SHI Yuecai,SUN Xiaowu.Present situation and countermeasures of the development of watermelon and melon in Hunan province[J].China Cucurbits and Vegetables,2015,28(3):68-71.
• [10]全国农业技术推广服务中心.土壤分析技术规范[M].北京:中国农业出版社,2006:13-15.The National Agricultural Technology Extension Service Center.Soil analysis technical specifications[M].Beijing:China Agriculture Press,2006:13-15.
• [11]国家环境保护局.土壤质量铅、镉的测定石墨炉原子吸收分光光度法:GB/T 17141—1997[S].北京:中国标准出版社,1997.Ministry of Environmental Protection of the People’s Republic of China.Soil quality-determination of lead,cadmium-graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrophotometry:GB/T 17141—1997[S].Beijing:China Standards Press,1997.
• [12]中华人民共和国卫生部.食品中镉的测定:GB/T 5009.15—2003[S]北京:中国标准出版社,2003.Ministry of Health of the People’s Republic of China.Determination of cadmium in foods:GB/T 5009.15—2003[S].Beijing:China Standards Press,2003.
• [13]李小红,陶建敏,陈剑东,胡锋,李辉信.镉胁迫对不同砧穗组合葡萄植株镉吸收规律和果实品质的影响[J].生态环境学报,2010,19(5):1082-1086.LI Xiaohong,TAO Jianmin,CHEN Jiandong,HU Feng,LI Huixin.Uptake of cadmium in grapevine with different scion-rootstock combinations and their fruit quality analysis under cadmium stress[J].Ecology and Environmental Sciences,2010,19(5):1082-1086.
• [14]马军,刘爱琴,侯晓龙.福州城市边缘区果园土壤Pb Cu分布特征与潜在生态风险评价[J].农业环境科学学报,2010,29(2):308-313.MA Jun,LIU Aiqin,HOU Xiaolong.Pb,Cu distribution characteristics and potential ecological risks assessment in orchard soils in the urban fringe of Fuzhou,China[J].Journal of Agro-Environment Science,2010,29(2):308-313.
• [15]淳长品,彭良志,雷霆,曹立,江才伦,凌丽俐.土壤砷铅和汞胁迫对纽荷尔脐橙不同器官中砷铅汞质量分数的影响[J].果树学报,2009,26(3):281-286.CHUN Changpin,PENG Liangzhi,LEI Ting,CAO Li,JIANG Cailun,LING Lili.Study on the concentrations of As,Pb and Hg heavy metals in organs and tissues of Newhall navel orange trees under soil stress of As,Pb and Hg[J].Journal of Fruit Science,2009,26(3):281-286.
• [16]秦普丰,铁柏清,周细红,曾清如,周惜时.铅与镉对棉花和水稻萌发及生长的影响[J].湖南农业大学学报,2000,26(3):205-207.QIN Pufeng,TIE Baiqing,ZHOU Xihong,ZENG Qingru,ZHOU Xishi.Effects of cadmium and lead in soil on the germination and growth of rice and cotton[J].Journal of Hunan Agricultural University,2000,26(3):205-207.
• [17]张连忠,路克国,杨洪强.苹果幼树铜镉分布特征与累积规律研究[J].园艺学报,2006,33(1):111-114.ZHANG Lianzhong,LU Keguo,YANG Hongqiang.The distribution and accumulation of cuprum and cadmium in young apple tree[J].Acta Horticulturae Sinica,2006,33(1):111-114.
• [18]张金彪,黄维南,柯玉琴.草莓对镉的吸收积累特性及调控研究[J].园艺学报,2003,30(5):514-518.ZHANG Jinbiao,HUANG Weinan,KE Yuqin.Cadmium absorption characteristics of strawberry and regulative measures[J].Acta Horticulturae Sinica,2003,30(5):514-518.
• [19]王俊丽,任建国,龚玉莲.土壤Cd污染对蕹菜茎叶Cd与蛋白质含量的影响[J].长江蔬菜,2012(24):79-82.WANG Junli,REN Jianguo,GONG Yulian.Effects of soil cadmium pollution on cadmium concentration and protein content of water spinach[J].Journal of Changjiang Vegetables,2012(24):79-82.
• [20]柳勇,何江华,王少毅,魏秀国,陈俊坚,何文彪,杜应琼.广州市蔬菜地重金属剂量对蔬菜富集重金属的影响——以菜心为例[J].生态环境,2003,12(3):273-276.LIU Yong,HE Jianghua,WANG Shaoyi,WEI Xiuguo,CHEN Junjian,HE Wenbiao,DU Yingqiong.Effect of heavy metal dosage on the accumulation of heavy metals in flowering Chinese cabbage in Guangzhou vegetable soils[J].Ecology and Environment,2003,12(3):273-276.
• [21]于祎飞,李保国,齐国辉,郭素萍,刘雯斐,李迎超.土壤镉含量对苹果叶片和果实镉含量的影响[J].园艺学报,2009,36(7):1055-1059.YU Yifei,LI Baoguo,QI Guohui,GUO Suping,LIU Wenfei,LI Yingchao.Effects of soil cadmium content on leaf and fruit cadmium contents in apple[J].Acta Horticulturae Sinica,2009,36(7):1055-1059.
• [22]NI W Z,LONG X X,YANG X E.Studies on the criteria of cadmium pollution in growth media of vegetable crops based on the hygienic limit of cadmium in food[J].Journal of Plant Nutrition,2002,25(5):957-968.