张四普;牛佳佳;郭超峰;徐振玉;聂兴华;陈佩;曹艳婷;王彬;

• 1:河南省农业科学院园艺研究所
• 2:宁陵县农业局
• 3:河南农业大学园艺学院

摘要(Abstract)：

【目的】了解半地下通风库的温湿度变化,明确‘金顶谢花’酥梨适合的保鲜处理方式。【方法】以不同保鲜袋包装结合1-MCP处理,在半地下通风库贮藏条件下,探讨‘金顶谢花’酥梨果实品质的变化规律。【结果】(1)保鲜袋包装有利于维持酥梨果实的原有色泽。贮藏期间果实的L*值均高于对照,a*值上升幅度也明显小于对照,结合1-MCP处理,效果更明显,其中以微孔袋+1-MCP处理效果最好。(2)保鲜袋包装显著降低了果实失重率。贮藏200 d时对照失重率高达11.1%,微孔袋包装失重率在0~1%,打孔袋包装在2%~3%,差异比较显著。(3)保鲜袋包装可有效地抑制果实硬度、可溶性固形物含量的下降,保持良好的果实风味;1-MCP处理对果实硬度、可溶性固形物含量有明显影响,同种保鲜袋包装,经过1-MCP处理的变化幅度均小于未处理的,微孔袋+1-MCP处理效果最好。(4)1-MCP结合保鲜袋处理保持了贮藏过程中梨果实抗氧化活性,保持了POD活性,降低了PPO活性以及MDA含量等,同时推迟了POD、PPO活性高峰出现的时间。(5)综合各项生理指标,在微孔袋+1-MCP处理下,宁陵酥梨最佳贮藏期限在135 d以内,最多不超过170 d。【结论】‘金顶谢花’酥梨不宜裸果贮藏。保鲜袋结合小包装1-MCP既操作方便,又有良好的保鲜效果,其中以微孔袋+1-MCP处理效果最好。在此条件下,9月底开始贮藏的酥梨最佳贮藏期限在135 d以内。

关键词(KeyWords)： 酥梨;1-MCP;保鲜袋;半地下通风库;品质

Abstract:

Keywords:

基金项目(Foundation): 基金项目:河南省大宗水果产业技术体系(S2014-11-G04)

作者(Author): 张四普;牛佳佳;郭超峰;徐振玉;聂兴华;陈佩;曹艳婷;王彬;

Email:

DOI: 10.13925/j.cnki.gsxb.20160239

参考文献(References)：

• [1]吕波,杨批修.酥梨优质栽培技术[M].北京:科学技术文献出版社,2002:1-2.LüBo,YANG Pixiu.High-quality cultivation technology of‘Supear’[M].Beijing:Science and Technology Document Press,2002:1-2.
• [2]付永琦,陈明,刘康,陈金印.1-MCP二次处理对猕猴桃猴桃果实采后生理生化及贮藏效果的影响[J].果树学报,2007,24(1):43-48.FU Yongqi,CHEN Ming,LIU Kang,CHEN Jinyin.Effects of the second treatment with 1-MCP on post-harvest physiological and bio-chemical characteristics of kiwifruit[J].Journal of Fruit Science,2007,24(1):43-48.
• [3]李志强,汪良驹,巩文红,王中华.1-MCP对草莓果实采后生理及品质的影响[J].果树学报,2006,23(1):125-128.LI Zhiqiang,WANG Liangju,GONG Wenhong,WANG Zhonghua.Effect of 1-MCP on senescence and quality of strawberry fruit[J].Journal of Fruit Science,2006,23(1):125-128.
• [4]孙希生,王文辉,王志华,李志强,张志云.1-MCP对苹果采后生理的影响[J].果树学报,2003,20(1):12-17.SUN Xisheng,WANG Wenhui,WANG Zhihua,LI Zhiqiang,ZHANG Zhiyun.Effects of 1-MCP treatment on physiology of apple after harvest[J].Journal of Fruit Science,2003,20(1):12-17.
• [5]李志文,张平,刘翔,李江阔,集贤,王罡.1-MCP结合冰温贮藏对葡萄采后品质及相关生理代谢的调控[J].食品科学,2011,32(20):300-306.LI Zhiwen,ZHANG Ping,LIU Xiang,LI Jiangkuo,JI Xian,WANG Gang.Effects of 1-MCP treatment in combination with controlled freezing-point storage on postharvest qualities and physiological metabolism of grape(Vitis vinifera L.)[J].Food Science,2011,32(20):300-306.
• [6]姜云斌,王东升,关军锋,吕波,王志华,王文辉.1-MCP与MAP处理对酥梨半地下通风库贮后货架期品质的影响[J].保鲜与加工,2011,11(2):17-20.JIANG Yunbin,WANG Dongsheng,GUAN Junfeng,LüBo,WANG Zhihua,WANG Wenhui.The effect of 1-MCP and MAPtreatments on shelf-life quality of Suli pear in semi-underground ventilation storeroom[J].Storage and Process,2011,11(2):17-20.
• [7]王志华,姜云斌,王文辉,杜艳民,杭博,姜修成,佟伟,贾晓辉.高渗CO2和PE保鲜袋对冷藏及货架期‘砀山酥梨’果实品质的影响[J].果树学报,2015,32(1):128-135.WANG Zhihua,JIANG Yunbin,WANG Wenhui,DU Yanmin,HANG Bo,JIANG Xiucheng,TONG Wei,JIA Xiaohui.Effects of high carbon dioxide permeability and PE film bags on quality of‘Dangshansu pear’after cold storage[J].Journal of Fruit Science,2015,32(1):128-135.
• [8]王东升,张四普,姜云斌,吴中营,吕波,郭超峰,王文辉,胡青霞.1-MCP对贮藏酥梨品质的影响[J].中国农学通报,2012,28(4):250-254.WANG Dongsheng,ZHANG Sipu,JIANG Yunbin,WU Zhong ying,LüBo,GUO Chaofeng,WANG Wenhui,HU Qingxia.Effect of 1-MCP Treatment on qualities of Su Pear in storage[J].Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin,2012,28(4):250-254.
• [9]纪淑娟,关莹,李家政,李江阔.微孔保鲜膜对鸭梨冷藏保鲜效果的影响[J].保鲜与加工,2008,8(6):35-38.JI Shujuan,GUAN Ying,LI Jiazheng,LI Jiangkuo.Effect of micro-porous film package on Ya pear storage at low temperature[J].Storage and Process,2008,8(6):35-38.
• [10]曾韶西,王以柔,刘鸿先.低温光照下与黄瓜子叶叶绿素降低有关的酶促反应[J].植物生理学报,1991,17(2):177-182.ZENG Shaoxi,WANG Yirou,LIU Hongxian.Some enzymatic reactions related to chlorophyll degradation in cucumber cotyledons under chilling in the light[J].Plant Physiology Journal,1991,17(2):177-182.
• [11]谭兴杰,李月标.荔枝(Litchi chinensis)果皮多酚氧化酶的部分纯化及性质[J].植物生理学报,1984,16(4):339-346.TAN Xingjie,LI Yuebiao.The partlal purification and properties of polyphenol oxidase from the dericarp of litchi(Litchi chinensis.)[J].Plant Physiology Journal,1984,16(4):339-346.
• [12]STEWART R C,BEWl LEY J D.Lipid peroxidation associated with accelerated aging of soybean axes[J].Plant Physiology,1980,65(2):245-248.
• [13]王晶,惠伟,关军锋,郭彩琴,王萍,徐晓燕.1-甲基环丙烯对砀山酥梨黑皮病的控制效果及机理研究[J].西北植物学报,2011,31(5):977-984.WANG Jing,HUI Wei,GUAN Junfeng,GUO Caiqin,WANGPing,XU Xiaoyan.Inhibitory effects and mechanism of 1-MCPtreatment on superficial scald of Dangshansu pear[J].Acta Botanica Boreali-Occidentalia Sinica,2011,31(5):977-984.
• [14]田改妮,饶景萍,张举印,王晓庆,王慎谦.1-MCP对砀山酥梨黑皮病发生的影响[J].西北农林科技大学学报(自然科学版),2009,37(11):138-142.TIAN Gaini,RAO Jingping,ZHANG Juyin,WANG Xiaoqing,WANG Shenqian.Effects of 1-MCP treatment on superficial scald of Dangshansu pear[J].Journal of Northwest A&F University(Natural Science Edition)2009,37(11):138-142.
• [15]孙希生,王文辉,李志强,王志华,张志云.1-MCP对砀山酥梨保鲜效果的影响[J].保鲜与加工,2001,2(7):14-18.SUN Xisheng,WANG Wenhui,LI Zhiqiang,WANG Zhihua,ZHANG Zhiyun.Effects of 1-MCP on cold storage of Dangshansuli pears[J].Storage and Process,2001,2(7):14-18.
• [16]王金祥,董明,崔楠楠,王占地.1-MCP处理对砀山酥梨低温贮藏品质及生理的影响[J].农产品加工(学刊),2013,9(1):11-15.WANG Jinxiang,DONG Ming,CUI Nannan,WANG Zhandi.Effect of 1-MCP on quality and physiology of Dangshansu pear during the storage at low temperature[J].Academic Periolical of Farm Products Processing,2013,9(1):11-15.
• [17]张四普,王东升,吴中营,郭献平.1-MCP和不同保鲜袋处理对半地下通风库贮藏酥梨品质的影响[J].园艺学报,2014,41(增刊):2596.ZHANG Sipu,WANG Dongsheng,WU Zhongying,GUO Xianping.The effect of 1-MCP and MAP treatments on quality of Suli pear in semi-underground ventilation storeroom[J].Acta Horticulture Sinica,2014,41(Suppl.):2596.
• [18]李志强,汪良驹,王中华.1-MCP处理对黄花梨果实采后生理的影响[J].西北植物学报,2007,27(11):2334-2338.LI Zhiqiang,WANG Liangju,WANG Zhonghua.Effect of 1-MCPon postharvest physiology of Huanghua pear(Pyrus pyrifolia Nakai)Fruits[J].Acta Botanica Boreali-Occidentalia Sinica,2007,27(11):2334-2338.
• [19]孙希生,王志华,张志云,李志强,姜修成.1-MCP处理对八月红梨生理病害及贮藏质量的影响[J].保鲜与加工,2005,5(4):20-22.SUN Xisheng,WANG ZHihua,ZHANG Zhiyun,LI Zhiqiang,JIANG Xiucheng.Effects of 1-MCP treatment on physiological disorder and storage quality of Bayuehong pear[J].Storage and Process,2005,5(4):20-22.
• [20]李江阔,纪淑娟,魏宝东,程顺昌,孙希生.1-MCP对南果梨冷藏防褐保鲜作用的初探[J].保鲜与加工,2007,7(4):7-11.LI Jiangkuo,JI Shujuan,WEI Baodong,CHENG Shunchang,SUNXisheng.Primary study of 1-MCP on browning inhibiting and freshmen keeping’s mechanism of Nanguo pear during 0℃storage[J].Storage and Process,2007,7(4):7-11.
• [21]关军锋.采后鸭梨衰老与膜脂过氧化的关系[J].沈阳农业大学学报,1994,25(4):418-421.GUAN Junfeng.The relationship between senescence and membrane lipid peroxidation of Yali pear after harvest[J].Jural of Shengyang Agricultural University,1994,25(4):418-421.