孙健;张强;刘松忠;王小伟;刘军;魏钦平;

• 1:北京市农林科学院林业果树研究所

摘要(Abstract)：

【目的】研究有机苹果园和常规苹果园的土壤微生物结构差异,为苹果园土壤改良提供理论依据。【方法】以北京市昌平区连续5 a应用有机栽培方法的10个苹果园和4个常规管理苹果园的土壤为对象,利用磷脂脂肪酸多态性(PLFA)技术和稀释平板计数法研究两种管理方式下果园土壤微生物的结构差异。【结果】结果表明,有机园和常规园的土壤微生物群落结构差异显著。常规果园土壤微生物总PLFA为114.99 nmol·g-1,是有机果园(43.44 nmol·g-1)的2.6倍,但有机果园PLFA丰富度高19%,生物多样性高。有机苹果园土壤微生物中革兰氏阳性菌与革兰氏阴性菌的比例为1.50,常规苹果园为0.30;有机苹果园真菌生物量占2.84%,常规果园为6.55%,差异显著。二类果园可培养微生物数量差异不显著。【结论】有机苹果园和常规苹果园的土壤微生物结构存在显著差异,常规苹果园农药及化肥的使用降低了微生物群落的丰富度和功能多样性。

关键词(KeyWords)： 有机苹果园;常规管理果园;土壤微生物;群落结构;磷脂脂肪酸分析

Abstract:

Keywords:

基金项目(Foundation): 国家苹果产业技术体系建设专项(CARS-28);; 公益性行业科技专项(200903003)

作者(Author): 孙健;张强;刘松忠;王小伟;刘军;魏钦平;

Email:

DOI: 10.13925/j.cnki.gsxb.2013.02.011

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