一氧化氮对干旱胁迫下苹果砧木楸子耐旱性的影响Effects of nitric oxide on drought tolerance in apple rootstocks Malus prunifolia
王延秀;朱燕芳;陈佰鸿;贾旭梅;郭爱霞;赵通;程丽;胡亚;
摘要(Abstract):
【目的】探讨干旱胁迫下楸子对外源一氧化氮(nitric oxide,NO)处理的生理响应特性与作用机制,综合评价后筛选缓解干旱胁迫的最佳NO处理浓度。【方法】以10叶龄的楸子[Malus prunifolia (Willd.) Borkh.]实生苗为试材,采用盆栽控水的方法,在中度水分胁迫(即含水量为土壤最大持水量45%~55%)下,喷施不同浓度外源NO(180μmol·L~(-1)、190μmol·L~(-1)、200μmol·L~(-1)、210μmol·L~(-1)),测定净光合速率(Pn)等光合参数、过氧化氢酶(CAT)等抗氧化酶活性及以脯氨酸(Pro)、丙二醛(MDA)含量、相对电导率(REC)等指标。【结果】相比于对照,外源NO处理缓解了水分胁迫下楸子叶片中MDA含量、Pro、REC、胞间二氧化碳浓度(Ci)以及过氧化物酶(POD)活性的上升幅度,同时也减缓了Pn、气孔导度(Gs)、蒸腾速率(Tr)、超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)与CAT酶活性的下降幅度,且具有明显的浓度效应。【结论】主成分分析(PCA)结果显示,特征根大于1的2个主成分的方差贡献率达92.932%,190μmol·L~(-1)硝普钠(SNP)处理得分最高,效果最佳。适宜浓度SNP处理能够激活水分胁迫下楸子幼苗的抗氧化酶系统,并可以保护细胞膜系统,及增强细胞光合性能,从而提高其耐旱性。
关键词(KeyWords): 楸子;水分胁迫;一氧化氮;光合;耐旱性;主成分分析
基金项目(Foundation): 甘肃省自然科学基金项目(145RJZA167);; 甘肃省教育厅基本科研业务项目(035-041051);; 甘肃省农牧厅生物技术专项项目(035-034070)
作者(Author): 王延秀;朱燕芳;陈佰鸿;贾旭梅;郭爱霞;赵通;程丽;胡亚;
Email:
DOI: 10.13925/j.cnki.gsxb.20180022
参考文献(References):
- [1]李育农.苹果属植物种质资源研究[M].北京:中国农业出版社,2001.LI Yunong. Study on germplasm resources of Malus[M]. Beijing:China Agriculture Press,2001.
- [2]孙文泰,马明,董铁,刘兴禄,赵明新,尹晓宁,牛军强.地表覆盖对陇东旱塬苹果根系生长与越冬前后树体贮藏营养的影响[J].果树学报,2016,33(11):1367-1378.SUN Wentai,MA Ming,DONG Tie,LIU Xinglu,ZHAO Mingxin,YIN Xiaoning,NIU Junqiang. Effects of mulching on root growth and nutrient reservation in overwintering apple trees grown in the dry area of eastern Gansu[J]. Journal of Fruit Science,2016,33(11):1367-1378.
- [3]阮海华,沈文飚,叶茂炳,徐朗莱.一氧化氮对盐胁迫下小麦叶片氧化损伤的保护效应[J].科学通报,2001,46(23):1993-1997.RUAN Haihua,SHEN Wenbiao,YE Maobing,XU Langlai. Protective effect of nitric oxide on oxidative damage of wheat leaves under salt stress[J]. Chinese Science Bulletin,2001,46(23):1993-1997.
- [4] NEILL S J,DESIKAN R,HANCOCK J T. Nitric oxide signaling in plants[J]. New Phytologist,2003,159:11-35.
- [5]鲁艳,雷加强,曾凡江,徐立帅,刘国军. NaCl胁迫对大果白刺幼苗生长和抗逆生理特性的影响[J].应用生态学报,2014,25(3):711-717.LU Yan,LEI Jiaqiang,ZENG Fanjiang,XU Lishuai,LIU Guojun. Effects of salt stress on Nitraria roborowskii growth and physiological characteristics of stress resistance[J]. Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology,2014,25(3):711-717.
- [6]刘文瑜,杨宏伟,魏小红,刘博,王高强,吴伟涛.外源NO调控盐胁迫下蒺藜苜蓿种子萌发生理特性及抗氧化酶的研究[J].草业学报,2015,24(2):85-95.LIU Wenyu,YANG Hongwei,WEI Xiaohong,LIU Bo,WANG Gaoqiang,WU Weitao. Effects of exogenous nitric oxide on seed germination,physiological characteristics and active oxygen metabolism of medicago truncatula under NaCl stress[J].Acta Prataculturae Sinica,2015,24(2):85-95.
- [7] EGLlEY G H,PAUL R N,VAUGH K C,Role of peroxidase in the development of water impemeable seed coats in Sia spinosal[J]. Planta,1993,157(3):224-232.
- [8] GUO F Q,OKAMOTO M,CRAWFORD N. Identification of a plant nitric oxide synthase gene involved in hormonal signaling[J]. Science,2003,302(5642):100-103.
- [9] LIU C C,LIU Y G,GUO K. Effect of drought on pigments,osmotic adjustment and antioxidant enzymes in six woody plant species in karst habitats of southwestern China[J]. Environmental and Experimental Botany,2011,71(2):174-183.
- [10]刘正鲁,朱月林,胡春梅,魏国平,杨立飞.氯化钠胁迫对嫁接茄子生长、抗氧化酶活性和活性氧代谢的影响[J].应用生态学报,2007,18(3):537-541.LIU Zhenglu,ZHU Yuelin,HU Chunmei,WEI Guoping,YANG Lifei. The effects of NaCl stress on the growth,antioxidant enzymes activity and active oxygen metabolism of grafted eggplant[J]. Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology,2007,18(3):537-541.
- [11]田治国,王飞,张文娥,赵秀明.多元统计分析方法在万寿菊品种抗旱性评价中的应用[J].应用生态学报,2011,22(12):3315-3320.TIAN Zhiguo,WANG Fei,ZHANG Wen’e,ZHAO Xiuming.Drought-resistance evaluation of marigold cultivars based on multiple statistics analysis[J]. Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology,2011,22(12):3315-3320.
- [12]张美玲,杨永花,廖伟彪,肖洪浪,王海明.四种藤本月季抗旱性综合评价[J].干旱地区农业研究,2008,26(5):173-179.ZHANG Meiling,YANG Yonghua,LIAO Weibiao,XIAO Honglang,WANG Haiming. Comprehensive evaluation on the drought-resistance of four climbing rose cultivars[J]. Agricultural Research in the Arid Areas,2008,26(5):173-179.
- [13]孙红梅.早实核桃对低温和干旱胁迫的生理响应及抗逆性综合评价[D].杨凌:西北农林科技大学,2012.SUN Hongmei. Response on physiology and biochemistry and cold and drought resistance synthetical evaluation of the precocity walnut cultivars under low temperature and drought stress[D]. Yangling:Northwest A&F University,2012.
- [14]赵世杰,许长城,邹琦,孟庆伟.植物组织中丙二醛测定方法的改进[J].植物生理学通讯,1994,30(3):207-210.ZHAO Shijie,XU Changcheng,ZOU Qi,MENG Qingwei. Improvements of method for measurement of malondialdehvde in plant Tissues[J]. Plant Physiology Journal,1994,30(3):207-210.
- [15] MITTLER R. Oxidative stress,antioxidants and stress tolerance[J]. Trends in Plant Science,2002,7(9):405-410.
- [16]王志泰,马瑞,马彦军,李毅.利用隶属函数法分析胡枝子抗旱性[J].干旱区资源与环境,2013,27(9):119-123.WANG Zhitai,MA Rui,MA Yanjun,LI Yi. The drought resistance of 5 species of Lespedeza[J]. Journal of Arid Land Resources and Environment,2013,27(9):119-123.
- [17]韩晓毓,张林森,王俊峰,杨小妮,李喜凤,胡景江,韩明玉.不同苹果矮化砧木导水特性与水通道蛋白基因表达对干旱胁迫的响应[J].西北农业学报,2015,24(10):109-117.HAN Xiaoyu,ZHANG Linsen,WANG Junfeng,YANG Xiaoni,LI Xifeng,HU Jingjiang,HAN Mingyu. Responses of hydraulics characteristic and aquaporin expression of several apple dwarf rootstocks in responses to drought stress[J]. Acta Agriculturae Boreali-Occidentalis Sinica,2015,24(10):109-117.
- [18]回振龙,李自龙,李朝周,张鑫,徐毅,张晓芳,王栋.外源NO供体SNP对PEG模拟干旱胁迫下高羊茅种子萌发及幼苗抗性生理的影响[J].华北农学报,2013,28(4):86-92.HUI Zhenlong,LI Zilong,LI Chaozhou,ZHANG Xin,XU Yi,ZHANG Xiaofang,WANG Dong. Inueflnces of Exogenous Nitric Oxide Donor SNP on Seed Germination and Seedling Resistance Physiology in Festuca arundinacea under PEG Simulated Drought Stress[J]. Acta Agriculturae Boreali-Sinica,2013,28(4):86-92.
- [19]汤绍虎,周启贵,孙敏,毛薇.外源NO对渗透胁迫下黄瓜种子萌发、幼苗生长和生理特性的影响[J].中国农业科学,2007,40(2):419-425.TANG Shaohu,ZHOU Qigui,SUN Min,MAO Wei. Effects of exogenous nitric oxide on seed germination,seedling growth and physiological characteristics of cucumber under osmotic pressure[J]. Scientia Agricultura Sinica,2007,40(2):419-425.
- [20]张睿佳,李瑛,虞秀明,娄玉穗,许文平,张才喜,赵丽萍,王世平.高温胁迫与外源油菜素内酯对‘巨峰’葡萄叶片光合生理和果实品质的影响[J].果树学报,2015,32(4):590-596.ZHANG Ruijia,LI Ying,YU Xiuming,LOU Yusui,XU Wenping,ZHANG Caixi,ZHAO Liping,WANG Shiping. Effects of heat stress and exogenous brassinolide on photosynthesis of leaves and berry quality of‘Kyoho’grapevine[J]. Journal of Fruit Science,2015,32(4):590-596.
- [21]安玉艳,郝文芳,龚春梅,韩蕊莲,梁宗锁.干旱-复水处理对杠柳幼苗光合作用及活性氧代谢的影响[J].应用生态学报,2010,21(12):3047-3055.AN Yuyan,HAO Wenfang,GONG Chunmei,HAN Ruilian,LIANG Zongsuo. Effects of drying and re-watering on the photosynthesis and active oxygen metabolism of Periploca sepium seedling[J]. Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology,2010,21(12):3047-3055.
- [22] FARQUHAR G D,SHARKEY T D. Stomatal conductance and photosynthesis[J]. Annual Review of Plant Physiology,2003,33(3):317-345.
- [23]曹慧,王孝威,邹岩梅,束怀瑞.外源NO对干旱胁迫下平邑甜茶幼苗叶绿素荧光参数和光合速率的影响[J].园艺学报,2011,38(4):613-620.CAO Hui,WANG Xiaowei,ZOU Yanmei,SHU Huairui. Effects of exogenous nitric oxide on chlorophyll fluorescence parameters and photosynthesis rate in Malus hupehensis seedlings under water stress[J]. Acta Horticulturae Sinica,2011,38(4):613-620.
- [24]朱涵毅,陈益军,劳佳丽,沈梁,李菲菲,米兰,王慧中,薛大伟.外源NO对镉胁迫下水稻幼苗抗氧化系统和微量元素积累的影响[J].生态学报,2013,33(2):603-609.ZHU Hanyi,CHEN Yijun,LAO Jiali,SHEN Liang,LI Feifei,MI Lan,WANG Huizhong,XUE Dawei. The effect of exogenous nitric oxide on activities of antioxidant enzymes and microelements accumulation of two rice genotypes seedlings under cadmium stress[J]. Acta Ecologica Sinica,2013,33(2):603-609.
- [25] BAISAK R,RANA D,ACHARYA P B B,KAR M. Alterations in the activities of active oxygen scavenging enzymes of wheat leaves subjected to water stress[J]. Plant and Cell Physiology,1994,35(3):489-495.
- [26] HARE P D,CRESS W A. Metabolic implications of stress-induced proline accumulation in plants[J]. Plant Growth Regulation,1997,21(2):79-102.
- [27]王邦锡,孙莉,黄久常.渗透胁迫引起膜损伤与膜脂过氧化和某些自由基的关系[J].中国科学(B辑),1992,21(4):364-368.WANG Bangxi,SUN Li,HUANG Jiuchang. The relationship between membrane damage caused by osmotic stress and membrane lipid peroxidation and some free radicals[J]. Scientia Sinica(Chimica),1992,21(4):364-368.
- [28]朱教君,康宏樟,李智辉,王国臣,张日升.水分胁迫对不同年龄沙地樟子松幼苗存活与光合特性影响[J].生态学报,2005,25(10):2527-2533.ZHU Jiaojun,KANG Hongzhang,LI Zhihui,WANG Guochen,ZHANG Risheng. Impact of water stress on survival and photosynthesis of Mongolian pine seedlings on sandy land[J]. Acta Ecologica Sinica,2005,25(10):2527-2533.
- [29] ESCHER P,PEUKE A D,BANNISTER P,FINK S,HARTUNG W,JIANG F,RENNENBERG H. Transpiration,CO2assimilation,WUE,and stomatal aperture in leaves of Viscum album(L.):Effect of abscisic acid(ABA)in the xylem sap of its host(Populus×euamericana)[J]. Plant Physiology&Biochemistry,2008,46(1):64-70.
- [30] VALENTOVIC P,LUXOVA M,KOLAROVIC L,GASPARIKOVA O. Effect of osmotic stress on compatible solutes content,membrane stability and water relation in two maize cultivars[J]. Plant Soil and Environment,2006,52(4):186-191.
- [31] STEINBERG S L,MILL J C,MCFARLAND M J. Dry matter partioning and vegetative growth of young peach tree under water stress[J]. Functional Plant Biology,1990,17(1):23-26.
- [32]王艺陶,周宇飞,李丰先,依兵,白薇.基于主成分和SOM聚类分析的高粱品种萌发期抗旱性鉴定与分类[J].作物学报,2014,40(1):110-121.WANG Yitao,ZHOU Yufei,LI Fengxian,YI Bing,BAI Wei.Identification and classification of sorghum cultivars for drought resistance during germination stage based on principal components analysis and self organizing map cluster analysis[J]. Acta Agronomica Sinica,2014,40(1):110-121.
- [33]刘科鹏,黄春辉,冷建华,陈葵,严玉平.‘金魁’猕猴桃果实品质的主成分分析与综合评价[J].果树学报,2012,29(5):867-871.LIU Kepeng,HUANG Chunhui,LENG Jianhua,CHEN Kui,YAN Yuping. Principal component analysis and comprehensive evaluation of the fruit quality of‘Jinkui’kiwifruit[J]. Journal of Fruit Science,2012,29(5):867-871.
- [34]焦婷,常根柱,周学辉,杨红善,侯彦会.高寒草甸草场不同载畜量下土壤酶与土壤肥力的关系研究[J].草业学报,2009,18(6):98-104.JIAO Ting,CHANG Genzhu,ZHOU Xuehui,YANG Hongshan,HOU Yanhui. Study on relationship between soil enzyme and soil fertility of alpine meadow in different carrying capacities[J].Acta Prataculturae Sinica,2009,18(6):98-104.