张强;魏钦平;齐鸿雁;王小伟;黄武仁;刘军;刘松忠;

• 1:北京市农林科学院林业果树研究所
• 2:中国科学院生态环境研究中心

摘要(Abstract)：

通过对北京苹果、梨、桃和葡萄48个果园0～40 cm土层土壤养分、pH和微生物种群数量的调查,应用典型相关、多元统计分析与线性规划等方法分析土壤养分、pH对土壤微生物种群数量影响的主要因子、相关性和优化方案。结果表明,土壤有机质、全氮、有效钾、有效铁和阳离子交换量(cation exchange capacity,CEC)以及土壤中的细菌、真菌数量以苹果园最高,葡萄和桃园次之,梨园最低。土壤细菌数量与土壤有机质、有效磷和有效硼含量呈显著正相关,与土壤全氮含量呈显著负相关;真菌数量与土壤全氮、有效钾和CEC呈显著正相关;放线菌数量与土壤有机质、有效锌和有效硼含量呈显著正相关,与有效磷含量呈显著负相关;土壤pH与细菌和真菌数量均呈显著负相关。线性规划求出了8—10月土壤微生物种群数量最大的土壤养分和pH因子优化方案为:土壤有机质为55.0 g.kg-1、全氮为1.50～3.00 g.kg-1、有效磷为20～200 mg.kg-1、有效钾为120～600 mg.kg-1、有效锌为0.5～20.0 mg.kg-1、有效硼为10 mg.kg-1、CEC为300 mmol.kg-1、pH值为6.5。北京地区果园通过提高土壤有机质含量和CEC、降低果园土壤pH值来调节锌、硼等微量元素含量是土壤管理中的关键技术措施。

关键词(KeyWords)： 果园土壤养分;土壤pH;微生物数量;多元统计分析;线性规划

Abstract:

Keywords:

基金项目(Foundation): 国家科技支撑课题(2008BAD92B08-4);; 公益性行业(农业)科研专项(nyhyzx07-024)

作者(Author): 张强;魏钦平;齐鸿雁;王小伟;黄武仁;刘军;刘松忠;

Email:

DOI: 10.13925/j.cnki.gsxb.2011.01.034

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