2种整形方式对‘赤霞珠’葡萄光合特性及果实品质的影响Effect of training system on photosynthesis and fruit characteristics of Cabernet Sauvignon
成果;陈立业;王军;陈武;张振文;
摘要(Abstract):
【目的】探究不同整形方式对酿酒葡萄光合作用及果实品质的影响,进而对多主蔓扇形及厂字形在我国新疆产区表现的优劣作出评价。【方法】以多主蔓扇形和厂字形2种整形方式的‘赤霞珠’葡萄为试材,利用LI-6400便携式光合测定系统分别测定成熟叶片光合作用相关参数及光响应曲线,调查植株叶幕特征,测定采收期浆果的理化指标并利用HPLC-MS对花色苷总量进行分析。【结果】与多主蔓扇形相比,厂字形整形增强叶片光合速率的同时提高果实品质,这主要归因于厂字形整形方式为树体带来以下3方面的改变:1)增加植株叶面积总量;2)增强叶幕光照透射率;3)增加果际周围光合有效辐射(PAR)。与多主蔓扇形相比,厂字形整形下的叶片光合能力更强,代谢速率更快,并且具备更强的利用弱光和抵御强光的能力。虽然厂字形整形使得植株的产量降低,但其果穗质量更小,更加松散,且采收期果实含有的种子和果皮鲜质量更大,种子数量更多。另外,厂字形整形下的果实可溶性固形物含量以及花色苷浓度也高于多主蔓扇形。【结论】与传统的多主蔓扇形相比,厂字形整形方式更有利于果实酿酒品质的提升。
关键词(KeyWords): ‘赤霞珠’葡萄;整形方式;光合作用;浆果成分
基金项目(Foundation):
作者(Author): 成果;陈立业;王军;陈武;张振文;
Email:
DOI: 10.13925/j.cnki.gsxb.20140334
参考文献(References):
- [1]JACKSON D I,LOMBARD P B.Environmental and management[J].American Journal of Enology and Viticulture,1993,44(4):409-430.
- [2]LEILA D F,EDUARDO S C,VIVIAN M B,ANA P F,ELIANA F G,VALDIR B,MARILDE T B.Maturity of Cabernet Sauvignon berries from grapevines grown with two different training systems in a new grape growing region in Brazil[J].Cienciae Investigacion Agraria,2008,35(3):321-332.
- [3]SMART R E.Sunlight interception by vineyards[J].American Journal of Enology and Viticulture,1973,24(4):141-147.
- [4]SMART R E,SHAULIS N J,LEMON E R.The effect of Concord vineyard microclimate on yield.I.The effects of pruning,training,and shoot positioning on radiation microclimate[J].American Journal of Enology and Viticulture,1982,33(2):99-108.
- [5]ZAHAVI T,REUVENI M,SCHEGLOV D,LAVEE S.Effect of grapevine training systems on development of powdery mildew[J].European Journal of Plant Pathology,2001,107(5):495-501.
- [6]WOLF T K,DRY P R,ILAND P G,BOTTING D,DICK J,KENNEDY U,RISTIC R.Response of Shiraz grapevines to five different training systems in the Barossa Valley,Australia[J].Australian Journal of Grape and Wine Research,2003,9(2):82-95.
- [7]ZOECKLEIN B W,WOLF T K,PéLANNE L,MILLER M K,BIRKENMAIER S S.Effect of vertical shoot-positioned,smartdyson,and geneva double-curtain training systems on Viognier grape and wine composition[J].American Journal of Enology and Viticulture,2008,59(1):11-21.
- [8]FERREE D,STEINER T,GALLANDER J,SCURLOCK D,JOHNS G,RIESEN R.Performance of‘Seyval Blanc’Grape in four training systems over five years[J].Hortscience,2002,37(7):1023-1027.
- [9]SPAYD S E,TARARA J M,MEE D L,FERGUSON J C.Separation of sunlight and temperature effects on the Composition of Vitis vinifera cv.Merlot berries[J].American Journal of Enology and Viticulture,2002,53(3):171-182.
- [10]BOLT S D,RISTIC R,ILAND P G,FORD C M.Altered light interception reduces grape berry weight and modulates organic acid biosynthesis during development[J].Hortscience,2008,43(3):957-961.
- [11]JOGAIAH S,STRIEGLER K R,BERGMEIER E,HARRIS A J.Influence of Cluster exposure to sun on fruit composition of‘Norton’Grapes(Vitis estivalis Michx)in missouri[J].International Journal of Fruit Science,2012,12(4):410-426.
- [12]SMART R E.Principle of grapevine canopy microclimate manipulation with implications for yield and quality.a review[J].American Journal of Enology and Viticulture,1985,36(3):230-239.
- [13]REYNOLDS A G,HEUVEL J E V.Influence of grapevine training systems on vine growthand fruit composition:a review[J].American Journal of Enology and Viticulture,2009,60(3):251-268.
- [14]BERGQVIST J,DOKOOZLIAN N,EBISUDA N.Sunlight exposure and temperature effects on berry growth and composition of cabernet sauvignon and grenache in the central san joaquin valleyin california[J].American Journal of Enology and Viticulture,2001,52(1):1-7.
- [15]SMART R E,ROBINSON M.Sunlight into wine:a handbook for winegrape canopy management[M].Winetitles,Underdale,Australia,1991.
- [16]MORI K,GOTO-YAMAMOTO N,KITAYAMA M,HASHIZUME K.Loss of anthocyanins in red-wine grape under high temperature[J].Journal of Experimental Botany,2007,58(8):1935-1945.
- [17]PETERLUNGER E,CELOTTI E,DA DALT G,STEFANELLI S,GOLLINO G,ZIRONI R.Effect of training system on Pinot noir grape and wine composition[J].American Journal of Enology and Viticulture,2002,53(1):14-18.
- [18]YU D J,KIM S J,LEE H J.Stomatal and non-stomatal limitations to photosynthesis in field-grown grapevine cultivars[J].Biologia Plantarum,2009,53(1):133-137.
- [19]HENDRICKSON L,BALL M C,WOOD J T,CHOW W S,FURBANK R T.Low temperature effects on photosynthesis and growth of grapevine[J].Plant Cell and Environment,2004,27(7):795-809.
- [20]FLEXAS J,ESCALONA J M,MEDRANO H.Down-regulation of photosynthesis by drought under field conditions in grapevine leaves[J].Functional Plant Biology,1998,25(8):893-900.
- [21]PALLIOTTI A,CARTECHINI A,FERRANTI F.Morpho-anatomical and physiological characteristics of primary and lateral shoot leaves of Cabernet Franc And Trebbiano Toscano grapevines under two irradiance regimes[J].American Journal of Enology and Viticulture,2000,51(2):122-130.
- [22]International Organisation of Vine and Wine.OIV descriptor list for grape varieties and Vitis species(2nd edition)[M].OIV:Paris,France,2007.
- [23]HE J J,LIU Y X,PAN Q H,CUI X Y,DUAN C Q.Different anthocyanin profiles of the skin and the pulp of Yan73(Muscat Hamburg×Alicante Bouschet)grape berries[J].Molecules,2010,15(3):1141-1153.
- [24]MEDRANO H,ESCALONA J M,CIFRE J,JOSEFINA B,JAUME F.A ten-year study on the physiology of two Spanish grapevine cultivars under field conditions:effects of water availability from leaf photosynthesis to grape yield and quality[J].Functional Plant Biology,2003,30(6):607-619.
- [25]PETRIE P R,TROUGHT M C,HOWELL G S,BUCHAN G D.The effect of leaf removal and canopy height on whole-vine gas exchange and fruit development of Vitis vinifera L.Sauvignon Blanc[J].Functional Plant Biology,2003,30(6):711-717.
- [26]VIDAL S,FRANCIS L,GUYOT S,MARNET N,KWIATKOWSKI M,GAWEL R,CHEYNIER V,WATERS E J.The mouth-feel properties of grape and apple proanthocyanidins in a wine-like medium[J].Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture,2003,83(6):564-573.
- [27]CHEYNIER V.Polyphenols in foods are more complex than often thought[J].American Journal of Clinical Nutrition,2005,81(1):223S-229S.
- [28]RISTIC R,DOWNEY M O,ILAND P G,BINDON K,FRANCIS L,HERDERICH M,ROBINSON S P.Exclusion of sunlight from Shiraz grapes alters wine colour,tannin and sensory properties[J].Australian Journal of Grape and Wine Research,2007,13(2):53-65.
- [29]DIAGO M P,VILANOVA M,BLANCO J A,TARDAGUILA J.Effects of mechanical thinning on fruit and wine composition and sensory attributes of Grenache and Tempranillo varieties(Vitis vinifera L.)[J].Australian Journal of Grape and Wine Research,2010,16(2):314-326.