质构仪检测鲜枣果实质地品质的方法研究Measuring texture quality of fresh jujube fruit using texture analyser
赵爱玲;薛晓芳;王永康;任海燕;弓桂花;焦晋华;隋串玲;李登科;
摘要(Abstract):
【目的】系统研究质构仪不同探头、贯入速度及穿刺试验的果实成熟度和穿刺部位对枣果质地品质的影响,为建立标准、规范的鉴定鲜枣果实质地品质的方法提供理论依据。【方法】以脆熟期‘壶瓶枣’果实为试材,采用质构仪的位移模式,用P/2和P/2n 2种探头进行对比试验,以选取合适的仪器探头。设定探头P/2用不同贯入速度对‘壶瓶枣’‘相枣’和‘山东梨枣’3个品种的果实进行穿刺,确定最佳贯入速度。分别对果实不同部位和不同成熟度进行比较,确定最佳穿刺部位和果实成熟期。【结果】P/2探头最适合分析枣果质地品质;贯入速度为2 mm·s~(-1)时能较好地反映不同类型枣果质地特性;脆熟全红期是鉴定不同类型枣果质地特性的最佳时期;选择果实中部进行穿刺,能更真实、准确地反映不同类型枣果的质地特性。【结论】初步建立了采用质构仪鉴定不同类型鲜枣果实质地品质的方法,首次明确了枣果实成熟过程中质地性状的变化规律。
关键词(KeyWords): 鲜枣;质构仪;质地品质;检测方法
基金项目(Foundation): 山西省资源平台建设项目(2015091004-0105);; 国家科技支撑计划(2013BAD14B030101);; 农业部农作物种质资源保护项目(NB2014-2130135-02);农业部黄土高原作物基因资源与种质创制重点实验室
作者(Author): 赵爱玲;薛晓芳;王永康;任海燕;弓桂花;焦晋华;隋串玲;李登科;
Email:
DOI: 10.13925/j.cnki.gsxb.20170460
参考文献(References):
- [1]曲泽州,王永蕙.中国果树志·枣卷[M].北京:中国林业出版社,1991:56.QU Zezhou,WANG Yonghui.China Fruit’s monograph·Chi nese jujube volume[M].Beijing:China Forestry Publishing House,1991:56.
- [2]李里特.食品物性学[M].北京:中国农业出版社,2001:112115.LI Lite.Physical properties of foods[M].Beijing:China Agricul ture Press,2001:112-115.
- [3]CAMPS C,GUILERMIN P,MAUGET J C,BERTRAND D.Da ta analysis of penetrometric force/displacement curves for th characterization of whole apple fruits[J].Journal of Textur Studies,2005,36(4):387-401.
- [4]BARREIRO P,ORTIZ C,RUIZ ALTISENT M,DE SMEDT V,SCHOTTE S,ANDANI Z,WAKELING I,BEYTS P K.Comparison between sensory and instrumental measurements for mealiness assessment in apples A collaborative test[J].Journal of Texture Studies,1998,29(5):509-525.
- [5]ROJAS G M A,GRASA G R,MARTIN B O.Quality changes in fresh-cut Fuji apple as affected by ripeness stage,antibrowning agents,and storage atmosphere[J].Journal of Food Science,2007,72(1):36-43.
- [6]杨玲,肖龙,王强,张彩霞,丛佩华,田义.质地多面分析(TPA)法测定苹果果肉质地特性[J].果树学报,2014,31(5):977-985.YANG Ling.XIAO Long,WANG Qiang,ZHANG Caixia,CONG Peihua,TIAN Yi.Study on texture properties of apple flesh by using texture profile analysis[J].Journal of Fruit Science,2014,31(5):977-985.
- [7]李江阔,林洋,张鹏,秦国政,李博强,田世平.采后不同时期1-MCP处理对苹果果实质地的影响[J].食品科学,2013,34(20):277-281.LI Jiangkuo,LIN Yang,ZHANG Peng,QIN Guozheng,LI Boqiang,TIAN Shiping.Effect of 1-methylcyclopropene treatment at different times postharvest on the texture of apple fruits[J].Food Sciences,2013,34(20):277-281.
- [8]王燕霞,王晓蔓,关军锋.梨果肉质地性状分析[J].中国农业科学,2014,47(20):4056-4066.WANG Yanxia,WANG Xiaoman,GUAN Junfeng.Flesh texture characteristic analysis of pear[J].Scientia Agricultura Sinica,2014,47(20):4056-4066.
- [9]高海生,贾艳茹,魏建梅,冉辛拓,乐文全.用物性分析仪检测鸭梨和京白梨果实采后质地的变化[J].园艺学报,2012,39(7):1359-1364.GAO Haisheng,JIA Yanru,WEI Jianmei,RAN Xintuo,YUEWenquan.Studies on the post-harvested fruit texture changes of‘Yali’and‘Jingbaili’pears by using texture analyzer[J].Acta Horticulturae Sinica,2012,39(7):1359-1364.
- [10]MURAMATSU N,TAKAHARA T,KOJIMA K.Relationship between texture and cell wall polysaccharides of fruit flesh in various species of citrus[J].Hortscience,1996,31(1):114-116.
- [11]李永红,常瑞丰,张立莎,王召元,陈湖,韩继成,刘国俭.物性分析仪TPA测定鲜食桃质构条件的优化[J].河北农业科学,2016,20(3):95-100.Li Yonghong,CHANG Ruifeng,ZHANG Lisha,WANG Zhaoyuan,CHEN Hu,HAN Jicheng,LIU Guojian.The optimization of texture determination of fresh peach by using texture analyzer TPA[J].Journal of Hebei Agricultural Sciences,2016,20(3):95-100.
- [12]任朝晖,张昆明,李志文,农绍庄,张平.质地多面分析(TPA)法评价葡萄贮藏期间果肉质地参数的研究[J].食品工业科技,2011,32(7):375-378.REN Zhaohui,ZHANG Kunming,LI Zhiwen,NONG Shaozhuang,ZHANG Ping.Study on the evaluation of texture parameters of grape berry during storage by using texture profile analy sis[J].Science and Technology of Food Industry,2011,32(7)375-378.
- [13]宋肖琴,张波,徐昌杰,张九凯,李鲜,陈昆松.采后枇杷果实的质构变化研究[J].果树学报,2010,27(3):379-384.SONG Xiaoqin,ZHANG Bo,XU Changjie,ZHANG Jiukai,LXian,CHEN Kunsong.Texture profile analysis of postharves loquat fruit[J].Journal of Fruit Science,2010,27(3):379-384.
- [14]陈青,励建荣.杨梅果实在储存过程中质地变化规律的研究[J].中国食品学报,2009,9(1):66-71.CHEN Qing,LI Jianrong.Research on texture change regularity of the Chinese bayberry during storage[J].Journal of Chinese In stitute of Food Science and Technology,2009,9(1):66-71.
- [15]余恺,胡卓炎,余小林,佘凌苹,王东峰,陈昌实,黄智洵.荔枝果肉质构特性测定参数的研究[J].中国食品学报,2006,6(1)101-105.YU Kai,HU Zhuoyan,YU Xiaolin,SHE Lingping,WANGDongfeng,CHEN Changshi,HUANG Zhixun.Study on the tex ture characteristics parameters of pitchi fruit[J].Journal of Chi nese Institute of Food Science and Technology,2006,6(1):101105.
- [16]AL-HAQ M I,SUGIYAMA J.Effect of degree of compression on texture profile parameters of pelican mango[J].Journal o Texture Studies,2004,35(4):341-352.
- [17]SIRISOMBOON P,BOONMUNG S,PORNCHALOEMPONGP,PITHUNCHARURNLAP M.A preliminary study on classifi cation of mango maturity by compression test[J].Internationa Journal of Food Properties,2008,11(1):206-212.
- [18]KOJIMA K,SAKURAI N,KURAISHI S,YAMAMOTO R,INABA A.Physical measurement of firmness of banana fruit pulp determination of optimum conditions for measurement[J].Post harvest Biology and Technology,1992,2(1):41-49.
- [19]HASSAN B H,ALHAMDAN A M,ELANSARI A M.Stress re laxation of dates at khalal and rutab stages of maturity[J].Jour nal of Food Engineering,2005,66(4):439-445.
- [20]马庆华,王贵禧,梁丽松.质构仪穿刺试验检测冬枣质地品质方法的建立[J].中国农业科学,2011,44(6):1210-1217.MA Qinghua,WANG Guixi,LIANG Lisong.Establishment o the detecting method on the fruit texture of Dongzao by punc ture test[J].Scientia Agricultura Sinica,2011,44(6):1210-1217.
- [21]许铭强,陈恺,张艳艳,逢焕明,李焕荣,李可.干制温度对枣果实质构性能的影响[J].食品与机械,2012,28(5):59-62.XU Mingqiang,CHEN Kai,ZHANG Yanyan,PANG Huan ming,LI Huanrong,LI Ke.Effect on texture properties of treat ed jujube by different drying temperature[J].Food and Machin ery,2012,28(5):59-62.
- [22]RAHMAN S R,AL-FARSI S A.Instrumental texture profil analysis(TPA)of date flesh as a function of moisture content[J]Journal of Food Engineering,2005,66(4):505-511.
- [23]王德,高疆生,吴翠云,王艳,王志强,孙亚强.不同坐果期枣果实品质差异的研究[J].新疆农业科学,2016,53(2):254-260.WANG De,GAO Jiangsheng,WU Cuiyun,WANG Yan,WANGZhiqiang,SUN Yaqiang.Study on fruit quality in different fruit setting period of jujube[J].Xinjiang Agricultural Science,2016,53(2):254-260.
- [24]刘亚平,李红波.物性分析仪及TPA在果蔬质构测试中的应用综述[J].山西农业大学学报(自然科学版),2010,30(2):188-192.LIU Yaping,LI Hongbo.Review on the application of texture analyzer and TPA in the assessment for fruits and vegetables texture[J].Journal of Shanxi Agricultural University(Natural Science Edition),2010,30(2):188-192.
- [25]孙彩玲,田纪春,张永祥.TPA质构分析模式在食品研究中的应用[J].实验科学与技术,2007,5(2):1-4.SUN Cailing,TIAN Jichun,ZHANG Yongxiang.Application of TPA test mode in the study of food[J].Experiment Science&Technology,2007,5(2):1-4.
- [26]姜松,王海鸥.TPA质构分析及测试条件对苹果TPA质构分析的影响[J].食品科学,2004,25(12):68-71.JIANG Song,WANG Haiou.TPA and effect of experimental conditions on TPA test of apple slices[J].Food Science,2004,25(12):68-71.
- [27]MARTIN J M,BERG J E,FISCHER A M,JUKANTI A K,KEPHART K D,KUSHNAK G D,NASH D,BRUCKNER P L.Divergent selection for polyphenol oxidase and its influence on agronomic,milling,bread,and Chinese raw noodle quality traits[J].Crop Science,2005,45(1):85-91.
- [28]潘秀娟,屠康.质构仪质地多面分析(TPA)方法对苹果采后质地变化的检测[J].农业工程学报,2005,21(3):166-170.PAN Xiujuan,TU Kang.Comparison of texture properties of postharvested apples using texture profile analysis[J].Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering,2005,21(3):166-170.
- [29]马庆华,王贵禧,梁丽松,李琴.冬枣的穿刺质地及其影响因素[J].林业科学研究,2011,24(5):596-601.MA Qinghua,WANG Guixi,LIANG Lisong,LI Qin.Study on the fruit puncturing texture and its influencing factors of‘Dongzao’(Zizyphus jujuba Mill.‘Dongzao’)[J].Forest Research,2011,24(5):596-601.
- [30]王斐,姜淑苓,陈秋菊,欧春青,张文江,郝宁宁,马力,李连文.脆肉梨果实成熟过程中质地性状的变化[J].果树学报,2016,33(8):950-958.WANG Fei,JIANG Shuling,CHEN Qiuju,OU Chunqing,ZHANG Wenjiang,HAO Ningning,MA Li,LI Lianwen.Changes in fruit texture of crisp-flesh pear during fruit ripening[J].Journal of Fruit Science,2016,33(8):950-958.
- [31]李登科.枣种质资源描述规范和数据标准[M].北京:中国农业出版社,2006:41-43.LI Dengke.Descriptors and date standard for jujube(Ziziphus jujuba Mill.)[M].Beijing:China Agriculture Publishing House,2006:41-43.