土壤干旱胁迫下苹果叶片膨压维持对光合速率及生长的影响Study on the Leaf Cell Turgor Maintenance and its Influence on Leaf Photosynthesis and Growth of Apple Trees Under Drought Stress
李岩,李德全,潘海春,束怀瑞
摘要(Abstract)：
以新红星和红富士苹果叶片为试材，利用P－V分析技术研究了在水分胁迫条件下叶片细胞的膨压维持方式以及细胞膨压维持对苹果叶片的光合速率、叶面积及干物质积累（叶片干重）等生理特性的效应。结果表明，两品种叶片在不同水分胁迫条件下细胞膨压维持能力不同，中度水分胁迫下膨压维持是以渗透调节和弹性调节并存，具有膨压维持能力，严重水分胁迫下渗透调节和弹性调节均消失，膨压维持能力丧失。细胞膨压的维持能够减少叶片叶绿素的破坏，维持干旱条件下（中度水分胁迫）的光合作用较正常进行，叶片正常生长及干物质积累。
关键词(KeyWords)： 苹果树;土壤干旱胁迫;膨压维持;光合速率;叶片生长
基金项目(Foundation):
作者(Author): 李岩,李德全,潘海春,束怀瑞
Email:
参考文献(References)：
- 1李岩,邹琦.干旱条件下大豆叶片膨压维持方式的研究.见:邹琦主编作物抗旱生理生态研究.济南:山东科学技术出版社,1994 76～81
- 2Karamanos AJ,Papatheohari CJ Understanding the mechanisms of drought resistance of some crop plants. In: MontlL,Porcedde E ed. Drought resistance in plants.CEC,1987. 95～109
- 3Hsiao TC.Plant response to water stress.Annual Review of Plant Physiology,1975,24:519～570
- 4Jones MM, Rawson HM. Influence of rate of development of leaf water deficits upon photosynthesis leaf conductance ,watel use efficiency and osmotic potential in sorghum.Physiologia Physiologis Plantarum,1979,45:103～111
- 5Morgane JM,Condon AG.Water use grain yield,and osmotic regulation in wheat.Auat J Plant Physiol,1986,13:525～532
- 6Jones MM,Turner NC. Osmotic adjustment in leaves of sorghum in respose to water deficits.Plant Pysiology,1978,61:122～126
- 7Radin JW.Physiological conesquences of cellular water deficits:Osmotic adjustment.In:Taylor MM,Jordan WR,SinclairTR ed、Limitations to efficient water use in crop production.American Society of Agronomy,Crop Science of America,Soil Science Society of America,USA,1983 267～276～868
- 8Stadelmann EJ. The derivation of the cell wall elasticity function from the cell turgor potential .J ExpBot , 1984,35:859～868
- 9李岩,李德全,潘海春.土壤干旱条件下苹果叶片细胞壁弹性调节及其水分关系的研究.果树科学,1997,14(增刊):1～5
- 10程来亮,罗新书,杨兴洪果树光合的田间测定装置中国果树,1990,(3):44～46
- 11李岩,李德全,潘海春.PV技术在研究细胞壁弹性调节上的应用.植物生理学通讯,1996,32(3):201～203