贾晓曼;张勇;门兴元;李丽莉;翟浩;

• 1:山东省果树研究所
• 2:山东省农业科学院植物保护研究所

摘要(Abstract)：

【目的】探明风送式塔型喷雾机在不同喷头数量下农药利用率、药液沉积量、雾滴特性的变化,评价不同喷头数量的喷施效果。【方法】在5 a(年)生矮砧密植苹果园中,调整3WF-1000风送式塔型喷雾机的喷头数量,测定不同喷头数量下的用水量,利用水敏纸测定雾滴粒径、雾滴密度与覆盖率,并利用示踪剂诱惑红测定药液沉积量及地面流失量。【结果】3WF-1000风送式塔型喷雾机在32个喷头处理下的用水量(每666.7 m~2 284.63 L)约为16个喷头处理(每666.7m~2 148.25 L)的2倍;32个喷头处理的雾滴粒径(154.80μm)与覆盖率(72.00%)高于16个喷头处理(142.69μm和62.20%),而其雾滴密度(每cm~2 123.01点)低于16个喷头处理(每cm~2 141.72点);32个喷头处理的平均药液沉积量(0.24μg·cm~(-2))略高于16个喷头(0.22μg·cm~(-2)),32个喷头处理的内膛药液沉积量明显高于外膛,树体中、下冠层内外膛雾滴沉积比分别为1.58和1.14,16个喷头处理则相反,其外膛药液沉积量高于内膛,树体中、下冠层内外膛雾滴沉积比分别为0.74和0.62;16个喷头的农药利用率(43.70%)高于32个喷头(36.90%)。【结论】3WF-1000风送式塔型喷雾机16和32个喷头处理在雾滴密度、雾滴粒径方面均达到病虫害防治的基本要求,但16个喷头处理的农药利用率高,地面流失率低,而32个喷头处理的穿透性较强,更适于防治冠层中部内膛及枝干病虫害。

关键词(KeyWords)： 果园;风送式喷雾机;利用率;流失率;雾滴密度;雾滴覆盖率;雾滴粒径

Abstract:

Keywords:

基金项目(Foundation): 山东省重点研发计划(2017CXGC0214);; 泰安市科学技术发展计划(2017NS0091)

作者(Author): 贾晓曼;张勇;门兴元;李丽莉;翟浩;

Email:

DOI: 10.13925/j.cnki.gsxb.20190302

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