杜艳民;王文辉;贾晓辉;佟伟;王志华;

• 1:中国农业科学院果树研究所

摘要(Abstract)：

【目的】研究果实可溶性固形物含量(SSC)等果实内在品质差异对耐贮性的影响,明确‘鸭梨’SSC等内在品质贮藏期的变化规律及其对贮藏后期果实生理病害发生的影响。【方法】利用近红外光谱果实品质无损快速检测设备,对同期采收‘鸭梨’SSC进行无损检测,依据所有样本SSC正态分布情况,将所有果实分为SSC<10.0%、SSC:10.0%~10.9%、SSC:11.0%~11.9%及SSC≥12.0%4个级别,将果实缓慢降温后(8℃入库,每3 d降1℃),于-0.5℃、相对湿度85.0%~90.0%条件下正常贮藏,分别于贮藏4、6和8个月取样,调查不同SSC‘鸭梨’果实取出当天和货架10 d后生理病害发生情况,测定相关生理品质指标变化情况,并进行相关性分析。【结果】贮藏6和8个月后,不同SSC‘鸭梨’贮藏品质及生理病害发生情况差异明显,SSC相对较高的果实贮藏后期果实黑心指数显著降低,且SSC与黑心指数呈显著负相关(p <0.05);不同SSC级别间果实虎皮指数无明显变化规律;同时贮藏后期,SSC相对较高的果实级别其可滴定酸含量(TA)和抗坏血酸含量(AA)相对较高;但与采收时相比,随着贮藏期的延长,果实中可滴定酸和抗坏血酸含量均显著降低,贮藏4、6和8个月后,各组别果实平均可滴定酸和抗坏血酸含量与采收时相比分别下降45.32%和49.96%、51.46%和54.43%、53.80%和68.34%;另外,贮藏后期各组别间果实呼吸和乙烯代谢差异明显,贮藏8个月后,果实呼吸强度从大到小依次为(SSC≥12.0%)>(SSC:11.0%~11.9%)>(SSC:10.0%~10.9%)>(SSC<10.0%);乙烯代谢规律与呼吸代谢变化规律基本一致。【结论】较高可溶性固形物含量(SSC>11.0%)‘鸭梨’果实贮藏后期黑心病发生情况显著减轻,SSC与黑心指数呈显著负相关;可滴定酸、抗坏血酸含量及呼吸和乙烯代谢速率与‘鸭梨’黑心指数呈显著相关,可作为‘鸭梨’黑心病采后重要的预警及防控指标。

关键词(KeyWords)： 梨;品质;糖度;褐变;无损检测

Abstract:

Keywords:

基金项目(Foundation): 国家重点研发计划项目(2016YFD0400903-06);; 国家梨产业技术体系建设专项(CARS-28-21)

作者(Author): 杜艳民;王文辉;贾晓辉;佟伟;王志华;

Email:

DOI: 10.13925/j.cnki.gsxb.20180029

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