陈利娜;牛娟;刘贝贝;敬丹;骆翔;李好先;夏小丛;杨选文;张富红;曹达;王企;曹尚银;

• 1:中国农业科学院郑州果树研究所

摘要(Abstract)：

【目的】结合石榴头花、二花开花特性,探索高效提高石榴坐果率及果实品质的方法,为生产中提高石榴坐果率及果实品质提供依据。【方法】2017—2018年连续2 a(年),以‘突尼斯软籽’石榴为试验对象,采用完全随机区组试验设计,不同时期喷施不同浓度GA_3、NAA、CPPU、2,4-D,花柄涂抹不同浓度GA_3+2,4-D。调查坐果率,并测定其对果实品质的影响。【结果】2017年结果表明:头花始花期至盛花期(5月5日)单次喷施GA_330.0 mg·L~(-1)较对照坐果率提高48.3%,显著提高了石榴坐果率(p <0.01);GA_310.0 mg·L~(-1)和20.0 mg·L~(-1)在二花盛花期(5月18日)单次喷施较对照分别提高坐果率20.8%、31.5%,显著性提高石榴坐果率(p <0.05),但会导致大量功能性雄花不脱落;不同时期叶面喷施不同浓度NAA、CPPU均不能显著性提高石榴坐果率;叶面喷施2,4-D导致果实畸形,果皮极厚。2018年试验结果表明头花始花期至盛花期(5月5日)单次喷施GA_330.0 mg·L~(-1)显著性提高石榴坐果率(p <0.05),与2017年试验结果一致,且不影响石榴果实品质;涂抹GA_3(10.0 mg·L~(-1)、20.0 mg·L~(-1)、30.0 mg·L~(-1))+2,4-D(10.0 mg·L~(-1))于石榴花柄可显著性提高石榴坐果率,但可导致石榴籽粒硬度较对照增加。【结论】头花始花期至盛花期(5月5日)叶面喷施GA_3(30.0mg·L~(-1))可有效提高石榴坐果率,且不影响石榴品质;二花盛花期不适合通过叶面喷施激素类物质提高坐果率;花柄涂抹GA_3(10.0 mg·L~(-1)、20.0 mg·L~(-1)、30.0 mg·L~(-1))+2,4-D(10.0 mg·L~(-1))能显著性提高石榴坐果率,但会导致石榴籽粒硬度增加。

关键词(KeyWords)： 石榴;叶面喷施;植物生长调节剂;坐果率;果实品质

Abstract:

Keywords:

基金项目(Foundation): 中国农业科学院科技创新工程（CAAS-ASTIP-2019-ZFRI）;中国农业科学院基本科研业务费专项（1610192019103）

作者(Author): 陈利娜;牛娟;刘贝贝;敬丹;骆翔;李好先;夏小丛;杨选文;张富红;曹达;王企;曹尚银;

Email:

DOI: 10.13925/j.cnki.gsxb.20190218

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