许建兰;马瑞娟;张斌斌;丁辉;严娟;俞明亮;

• 1:江苏省农业科学院果树研究所·江苏省高效园艺作物遗传改良重点实验室

摘要(Abstract)：

【目的】探讨红肉桃不同杂交后代果实性状的遗传规律。【方法】以‘野鸡红’ב银河’、‘夏乙女’ב半斤桃’、‘野鸡红’ב00-20-42’(‘霞光’בNF’)、‘瑞光18号’ב北京一线红’、‘霞脆’ב北京一线红’5个杂交组合F1代为材料,分析不同组合后代果实成熟期、果肉颜色分离情况,并对‘夏乙女’ב半斤桃’组合后代果实形状、可溶性固形物含量、可滴定酸含量、花色苷含量、糖与酸组分等性状进行遗传变异分析。【结果】红肉性状在所有试验组合中均呈显性,后代群体红肉桃单株与白肉桃单株比例接近1:1,符合一对等位基因分离规律;早期成熟的单株果肉颜色以红色居多,白肉桃单株成熟期相对较晚,并存在明显的超亲现象。‘夏乙女’ב半斤桃’后代果形更多遗传了父本的卵圆性状;白肉桃单株花色苷平均值为0.008 1 mg·g~(-1),远低于红肉桃单株的0.068 7 mg·g~(-1);后代单株果实以甜风味为主,其中红肉桃单株甜风味占54.55%,白肉桃单株达84.31%;可溶性固形物含量白肉桃单株平均值为10.93%,高于红肉桃单株的9.68%,糖组分中以蔗糖含量最高,白肉桃单株平均值为43.069 g·L~(-1),红肉桃单株平均值为40.087 g·L~(-1);山梨醇含量最低,白肉桃单株平均值为5.322 g·L~(-1),高于红肉桃的3.515 g·L~(-1),葡萄糖和果糖含量差异不大;可滴定酸含量白肉桃单株平均值为0.207%,低于红肉桃的0.356%;酸组分中,白肉桃和红肉桃单株均以苹果酸含量最高,分别为2.289 g·L~(-1)和3.009 g·L~(-1),柠檬酸含量最低。可溶性固形物含量变异系数最小,可滴定酸最大,蔗糖组合传递力、中亲优势、超亲优势最高;花色苷在后代单株中组合传递力最低,仅为23.519%,中亲优势、超亲优势为负值。【结论】红肉性状在所有试验组合中均呈显性,成熟期存在明显的超亲现象。早期成熟单株果肉颜色以红色为主,后期成熟单株果肉为白色。‘夏乙女’ב半斤桃’组合F1代群体花色苷在后代单株中组合传递力低,后代果实风味以甜为主,可溶性糖以蔗糖为主,后代组合传递力和超亲优势明显,有助于后代果实甜风味的改进。

关键词(KeyWords)： 红肉桃;杂交群体F1;遗传规律

Abstract:

Keywords:

基金项目(Foundation): 国家自然科学基金(31471848);; 现代农业产业技术体系建设专项(CARS-30);; 江苏省农业科学院院基金(6111638)

作者(Author): 许建兰;马瑞娟;张斌斌;丁辉;严娟;俞明亮;

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