许建兰;马瑞娟;张斌斌;丁辉;严娟;俞明亮;

• 1:江苏省农业科学院果树研究所·江苏省高效园艺作物遗传改良重点实验室

摘要(Abstract)：

【目的】探讨红肉桃不同杂交后代果实性状的遗传规律。【方法】以‘野鸡红’ב银河’、‘夏乙女’ב半斤桃’、‘野鸡红’ב00-20-42’(‘霞光’בNF’)、‘瑞光18号’ב北京一线红’、‘霞脆’ב北京一线红’5个杂交组合F1代为材料,分析不同组合后代果实成熟期、果肉颜色分离情况,并对‘夏乙女’ב半斤桃’组合后代果实形状、可溶性固形物含量、可滴定酸含量、花色苷含量、糖与酸组分等性状进行遗传变异分析。【结果】红肉性状在所有试验组合中均呈显性,后代群体红肉桃单株与白肉桃单株比例接近1:1,符合一对等位基因分离规律;早期成熟的单株果肉颜色以红色居多,白肉桃单株成熟期相对较晚,并存在明显的超亲现象。‘夏乙女’ב半斤桃’后代果形更多遗传了父本的卵圆性状;白肉桃单株花色苷平均值为0.008 1 mg·g~(-1),远低于红肉桃单株的0.068 7 mg·g~(-1);后代单株果实以甜风味为主,其中红肉桃单株甜风味占54.55%,白肉桃单株达84.31%;可溶性固形物含量白肉桃单株平均值为10.93%,高于红肉桃单株的9.68%,糖组分中以蔗糖含量最高,白肉桃单株平均值为43.069 g·L~(-1),红肉桃单株平均值为40.087 g·L~(-1);山梨醇含量最低,白肉桃单株平均值为5.322 g·L~(-1),高于红肉桃的3.515 g·L~(-1),葡萄糖和果糖含量差异不大;可滴定酸含量白肉桃单株平均值为0.207%,低于红肉桃的0.356%;酸组分中,白肉桃和红肉桃单株均以苹果酸含量最高,分别为2.289 g·L~(-1)和3.009 g·L~(-1),柠檬酸含量最低。可溶性固形物含量变异系数最小,可滴定酸最大,蔗糖组合传递力、中亲优势、超亲优势最高;花色苷在后代单株中组合传递力最低,仅为23.519%,中亲优势、超亲优势为负值。【结论】红肉性状在所有试验组合中均呈显性,成熟期存在明显的超亲现象。早期成熟单株果肉颜色以红色为主,后期成熟单株果肉为白色。‘夏乙女’ב半斤桃’组合F1代群体花色苷在后代单株中组合传递力低,后代果实风味以甜为主,可溶性糖以蔗糖为主,后代组合传递力和超亲优势明显,有助于后代果实甜风味的改进。

关键词(KeyWords)： 红肉桃;杂交群体F1;遗传规律

Abstract:

Keywords:

基金项目(Foundation): 国家自然科学基金(31471848);; 现代农业产业技术体系建设专项(CARS-30);; 江苏省农业科学院院基金(6111638)

作者(Author): 许建兰;马瑞娟;张斌斌;丁辉;严娟;俞明亮;

Email:

DOI: 10.13925/j.cnki.gsxb.20180155

参考文献(References)：

• [1]俞明亮.桃性状遗传评价和分子标记技术研究[D].南京:南京农业大学,2004.YU Mingliang.Genetic evaluation of main characters and study of molecular marker technique in peach[D].Nanjing:Nanjing Agricultural University,2004.
• [2]华为,朱靖环,尚毅,贾巧君,汪军妹,杨建明.有色大麦研究进展[J].植物遗传资源学报,2013,14(6):1020-1024.HUA Wei,ZHU Jinghuan,SHANG Yi,JIA Qiaojun,WANGJunmei,YANG Jianming.Research advances in colored barley[J].Journal of Plant Genetic Resources,2013,14(6):1020-1024.
• [3]郭咏梅,段延碧,李少明,黄平,涂建,李华慧,萧凤回,谭学林.有色稻米Fe、Zn、Cu和Mn含量及与种皮颜色相关分析[J].植物遗传资源学报,2011,12(6):971-981.GUO Yongmei,DUAN Yanbi,LI Shaoming,HUANG Ping,TUJian,LI Huahui,XIAO Fenghui,TAN Xuelin.Evaluation and correlation analysis on mineral concentrations and pigment content in pericarp of color rice[J].Journal of Plant Genetic Resources,2011,12(6):971-981.
• [4]龚林忠,何华平,王富荣,顾霞.10份湖北地方红肉桃资源生物学特性观察[J].果树学报,2008,25(3):413-417.GONG Linzhong,HE Huaping,WANG Furong,GU Xia.Observation of biological characteristics of 10 red-fleshed peach resources in Hubei province[J].Journal of Fruit Science,2008,25(3):413-417.
• [5]许建兰,马瑞娟,俞明亮,沈志军,殷守房.红肉桃果实发育过程中果肉色素含量的变化[J].江苏农业学报,2010,26(6):1347-1351.XU Jianlan,MA Ruijuan,YU Mingliang,SHEN Zhijun,YINShoufang.Changes of flesh pigment contents of blood-flesh peach during fruit development[J].Jiangsu Journal of Agriculture Science,2010,26(6):1347-1351.
• [6]章秋平,李疆,王力荣,朱更瑞,方伟超,曹珂,陈昌文,冯义彬.红肉桃果实发育过程中色素和糖酸含量的变化[J].果树学报,2008,25(3):312-315.ZHANG Qiuping,LI Jiang,WANG Lirong,ZHU Gengrui,FANG Weichao,CAO Ke,CHEN Changwen,FENG Yibin.Study on the changes of contents of pigments,sugar and acid of blood flesh peach cultivar during fruit development[J].Journal of Fruit Science,2008,25(3):312-315.
• [7]沈志军,马瑞娟,俞明亮,许建兰,蔡志翔,倪林箭,严少宾.桃三种肉色类型果实抗氧化因子的比较评价[J].中国农业科学,2012,45(11):2232-2241.SHEN Zhijun,MA Ruijuan,YU Mingliang,XU Jianlan,CAIZhixiang,NI Linjian,YAN Shaobin.Evaluation of antioxidant factors in peach with three types of flesh color[J].Scientia Agricultura Sinica,2012,45(11):2232-2241.
• [8]胡亚东,贾惠娟,孙崇德,陈青俊,徐昌杰,陈昆松.桃果实中花青苷的提取、检测及应用[J].果树学报,2004,21(2):167-169.HU Yadong,JIA Huijuan,SUN Chongde,CHEN Qingjun,XUChangjie,CHEN Kunsong.A method for extracting and determining anthocyanin from peach fruit and its application[J].Journal of Fruit Science,2004,21(2):167-169.
• [9]TSUDA T,YAMAGUCHI M,HONDA C.Expression of anthocyanin biosythesis genes in the skin of peach and nectarine fruit[J].Journal of the American Society for Horticultural Science,2004,129(6):857-862.
• [10]罗静,谢汉忠,方金豹,黄玉南,王超,乔成奎,庞涛.红肉桃和白肉桃果实挥发性成分的差异分析[J].中国农业大学学报,2016,21(11):34-42.LUO Jing,XIE Hanzhong,FANG Jinbao,HUANG Yunan,WANG Chao,QIAO Chengkui,PANG Tao.Comparative analysis of volatile compounds in red and white-flesh peach[J].Journal of China Agricultural University,2016,21(11):34-42.
• [11]王开芳,张建福,孙蕾,翟国峰,曲永赟,赵登超,孙道英.红肉桃新品种‘博山大红’[J].园艺学报,2014,41(12):2541-2542.WANG Kaifang,ZHANG Jianfu,SUN Lei,ZHAI Guofeng,QUYongyun,ZHAO Dengchao,SUN Daoying.A new red-flesh peach cultiva‘Boshan dahong’[J].Acta Horticulturae Sinica,2014,41(12):2541-2542.
• [12]丁明来,秦绪君,郑世余,郑伟,郑婉霞.红肉桃新品种天赐红的形状表现及栽培技术要求[J].落叶果树,2017,49(3):36-38.DING Minglai,QIN Xujun,ZHENG Shiyu,ZHENG Wei,ZHENG Wanxia.A new variety of red-flesh peach shapes and cultural requirements[J].Deciduous Fruits,2017,49(3):36-38.
• [13]何华平,龚林忠,王富荣,顾霞,王会良.红肉桃新品种-天仙红的选育[J].果树学报,2010,27(1):150-151.HE Huaping,GONG Linzhong,WANG Furong,GU Xia,WANG Huiliang.Tianxianhong,a new red-fleshed peach cultivar[J].Journal of Fruit Science,2010,27(1):150-151.
• [14]百度百科“早仙红”[EB/OL].(2016-06-24)[2018-04-23].www.chinaseed114.com.Baidu encyclopedia“Zaoxianhong’[EB/OL].(2016-06-24)[2018-04-23].www.chinaseed114.com.
• [15]王力荣,朱更瑞,方伟超,陈昌文,曹珂,王新卫,赵佩.桃新品种‘中桃紫玉’的选育[J].果树学报,2016,33(9):1177-1179.WANG Lirong,ZHU Gengrui,FANG Weichao,CHEN Changwen,CAO Ke,WANG Xinwei,ZHAO Pei.A new peach cultivar‘Zhongtaoziyu’[J].Journal of Fruit Science,2016,33(9):1177-1179.
• [16]王力荣,朱更瑞.桃种质资源描述规范和数据标准[M].北京:中国农业出版社,2005:17.WANG Lirong,ZHU Gengrui.Descriptors and data standard for peach(Prunus persica L.)[M].Beijing:China Agriculture Press,2005:17.
• [17]胡位荣,张昭其,季作梁,刘顺枝.酸处理对采后荔枝果皮色泽与生理活性的影响[J].食品科学,2004,25(7):176-180.HU Weirong,ZHANG Zhaoqi,JI Zuoliang,LIU Shunzhi.Study on acid treatment effects on pericarp color and physiological characteristics of litchi fruit[J].Food Science,2004,25(7):176-180.
• [18]沈志军,马瑞娟,俞明亮,蔡志翔,宋宏峰,李晓.桃果实发育过程中主要糖及有机酸含量的变化分析[J].华北农学报,2007,22(6):130-134.SHEN Zhijun,MA Ruijuan,YU Mingliang,CAI Zhixiang,SONG Hongfeng,LI Xiao.Regularity analysis of main sugar and acid in fruit development of peach[J].Acta Agriculturae Boreali-Sinica,2007,22(6):130-134.
• [19]沈德绪.果树育种学[M].2版.北京:中国农业出版社,2000:183-193.SHEN Dexu.Fruit-tree breeding[M].2nd ed.Beijing:China Agricultural Press,2000:183-193.
• [20]景士西.果树等无性繁殖植物育种值的电子计算机估算[J].沈阳农业大学学报,1986,17(1):1-9.JING Shixi.Estimation of breeding value of vegetatively propagated plants,particularly fruit trees with a computer[J].Journal of Shenyang Agricultural University,1986,17(1):1-9.
• [21]俞明亮,马瑞娟,汤秀莲.桃杂种(F1)成熟期的遗传研究[J].江苏农业学报,1997,13(3):176-181.YU Mingliang,MA Ruijuan,TANG Xiulian.Inheritance of ripening season in F1hybrids of peach[J].Jiangsu Journal of Agricultural Science,1997,13(3):176-181.
• [22]许建兰,马瑞娟,俞明亮,沈志军,张斌斌,严娟,周懋.红肉桃杂交后代果实主要经济性状的遗传倾向[J].经济林研究,2015,33(4):53-57.XU Jianlan,MA Ruijuan,YU Mingliang,SHEN Zhijun,ZHANG Binbin,YAN Juan,ZHOU Mao.Inheritance trend of main characters in progenies of blood-flesh peach[J].Nonwood Forest Research,2015,33(4):53-57.
• [23]王富荣,何华平,龚林忠,王会良,刘勇,诸小敏.红肉桃杂种后代主要性状遗传倾向的分析[J].长江大学学报(自然科学版),2014,23(11):10-16.WANG Furong,HE Huaping,GONG Linzhong,WANG Huiling,LIU Yong,ZHU Xiaomin.Inheritance trend of main characters in progenies of red-flesh peach in Hubei province[J].Journal of Yangtze University(Natural Science Edition),2014,23(11):10-16.
• [24]DAVID H B.Variability in sugars,acids,firmness and color charateristics of 12 peach genotypes[J].Journal of the American Society for Horticultural Science,1991,116(6):1004-1006.
• [25]刘佳棽,王尚德,蒋海月.红芙蓉×中油5号组合F1果实主要性状的遗传倾向研究[J].安徽农业科学,2012,40(21):10794-10795.LIU Jiachen,WANG Shangde,JIANG Haiyue.Main characters’inheritance trend of the F1 generation fruit of Hongfurong×Zhongyoutao No.5[J].Journal of Anhui Agricultural Sciences,2012,40(21):10794-10795.
• [26]赵剑波,姜全,郭继英,陈青华.不同来源桃种质果肉颜色与果实糖酸含量关系的研究[J].北方园艺,2009(8):61-63.ZHAO Jianbo,JIANG Quan,GUO Jiying,CHEN Qinghua.Study on relation between flesh color and contents of sugars and acids in peaches from different orgin[J].Northern Horticulture,2009(8):61-63.
• [27]牛景,赵剑波,吴本宏,李绍华,刘国杰,姜全.不同来源桃种质果实糖酸组分含量特点的研究[J].园艺学报,2006,33(1):6-11.NIU Jing,ZHAO Jianbo,WU Benhong,LI Shaohua,LIU Guojie,JIANG Quan.Sugar and acid contents in peach and nectarine derived from different countries and species[J].Acta Horticulturae Sinica,2006,33(1):6-11.
• [28]赵玉,王力荣,曹珂,朱更瑞,方伟超,陈昌文,彭福田.桃果肉花色苷遗传多样性及红肉桃判定指标的探讨[J].植物遗传资源学报,2013,14(1):167-172.ZHAO Yu,WANG Lirong,CAO Ke,ZHU Gengrui,FANGWeichao,CHEN Changwen,PENG Futian.Genetic diversity of anthocyanin in peach fruit and the evaluating criterion of redflesh peach[J].Journal of Plant Genetic Resources,2013,14(1):167-172.