聂琼;文晓鹏;

• 1:贵州大学农业生物工程研究院·生命科学学院
• 2:贵州大学农学院

摘要(Abstract)：

【目的】了解火龙果离体快繁体细胞无性系的遗传稳定性,并揭示变异系间的遗传关系。【方法】以单粒种子萌发的丛芽扩繁第1代和第4代再生幼苗为材料,分析繁殖系数及棱的形态变化,并采用ISSR、SRAP和IRAP标记技术进行遗传变异分析。【结果】繁殖系数为14.9。快繁第4代试管苗中有3棱、4棱等6种形态学变异,其中5棱丛芽最多(50.54%),8棱丛芽最少(1%左右);3棱和4棱丛芽在RNA水平上(SRAP标记)表现出差异。24条ISSR引物、11对SRAP引物和17条IRAP引物在70个样品中共产生405条带,其中多态性带29条。扩繁第1代植株未发生DNA水平的变异,第4代植株的DNA条带出现了增加或缺失现象,植株变异频率为24.2%。16株变异株与原始植株(种子萌发植株)的遗传相似系数为0.77⁰.97。在相似系数为0.90时,可将16个变异株分为4类,其中第Ⅰ类包括原始植株和12个变异株,第Ⅳ类与原始植株的差异最大,是GA3缺陷型矮化突变体。采用IRAP、SRAP、ISSR标记检测出的变异植株数量及多态性位点均存在差异。【结论】建立的火龙果快繁体系的繁殖系数为14.9,随快繁次数的增加,繁殖系数、生长势及遗传稳定性有下降的趋势。快繁第4代的体细胞无性系变异频率为24.2%,主要表现在DNA水平和棱茎形态上的变化。获得的16个变异株与原始植株的遗传相似系数为0.770.97。在相似系数为0.90时,可将16个变异株分为4类,其中第Ⅰ类包括原始植株和12个变异株,第Ⅳ类与原始植株的差异最大,是GA3缺陷型矮化突变体。采用IRAP、SRAP、ISSR标记检测出的变异植株数量及多态性位点均存在差异。【结论】建立的火龙果快繁体系的繁殖系数为14.9,随快繁次数的增加,繁殖系数、生长势及遗传稳定性有下降的趋势。快繁第4代的体细胞无性系变异频率为24.2%,主要表现在DNA水平和棱茎形态上的变化。获得的16个变异株与原始植株的遗传相似系数为0.77⁰.97,被分为4类,第Ⅳ类是GA3缺陷型矮化突变体。3棱和4棱丛芽差异可能是基因差异表达的结果。新开发的IRAP标记是检测火龙果无性系变异的有效手段。

关键词(KeyWords)： 火龙果;体细胞无性系变异;ISSR;SRAP;IRAP

Abstract:

Keywords:

基金项目(Foundation): 国家自然科学基金(31560549,31760566)

作者(Authors): 聂琼;文晓鹏;

DOI: 10.13925/j.cnki.gsxb.20170157

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