汪国云;沈禹彤;贾慧敏;焦云;柴春燕;包劲松;孙德利;贾惠娟;高中山;

• 1:浙江省余姚市南方特色果树研究所
• 2:浙江大学农业与生物技术学院
• 3:浙江省慈溪市林特技术推广中心
• 4:浙江大学农业试验站

摘要(Abstract)：

【目的】杨梅一般为雌雄异株,风媒传粉。现有栽培品种都来源于优良雌株的无性系。为探索杨梅栽培品种间杂交育种的技术途径。【方法】以著名的杨梅品种‘荸荠’为母本,‘东魁’雌株上偶尔出现的雄花为父本,这2个品种在遗传和果实表型上差异较大,通过人工套袋授粉获得杂交实生苗。然后用8个在父母本上表现多态性的SSR标记进行杂种鉴定。【结果】成功获得杂交实生苗117株,经过SSR分子鉴定,其中83个同时拥有父母本来源的特征片段,为真杂种,其余34株的母本为‘荸荠’,父本混杂。根据共显性SSR标记在F1代中的分离类型,对8个标记同一位点上不同等位基因的分离比例进行χ2检验,发现6个SSR位点符合孟德尔分离定律,2个出现偏分离现象。双亲和83个真正杂种后代的遗传聚类分析可分为2组:一组包含39个后代,与‘东魁’聚在一起;另一组包含44个后代,与‘荸荠’聚到一起。【结论】应用杨梅雌性栽培品种偶尔出现的雄花粉可以实现栽培品种间的杂交育种,SSR标记可以有效鉴别真杂种。获得的杂交群体可用于构建杨梅连锁图谱,对现代杨梅分子遗传学研究和杂交育种具有重要意义。

关键词(KeyWords)： 杨梅;育种;杂交群体;SSR;杂种鉴定

Abstract:

Keywords:

基金项目(Foundation): 国家自然科学基金(31471843);; 宁波重点科技项目(2012C10012);; 余姚杨梅育种项目

作者(Author): 汪国云;沈禹彤;贾慧敏;焦云;柴春燕;包劲松;孙德利;贾惠娟;高中山;

Email:

DOI: 10.13925/j.cnki.gsxb.20140474

参考文献(References)：

• [1]QI Xingjiang,LIANG Senmiao,ZHENG Xiliang,CHEN Zongli-ang,CHAI Chunyan.A new bayberry cultiva‘rZaoqi Mimei’[J].Acta Horticulture Sinica,2003,30(6):759.戚行江,梁森苗,郑锡良,陈宗良,柴春燕.特早熟杨梅新品种‘早荠蜜梅’[J].园艺学报,2003,30(6):759.
• [2]QI Xingjiang,LIANG Senmiao,ZHENG Xiliang,WANG Guoyun.A New bayberry variet‘yWanqi Mimei’[J].Acta Horticulture Sini-ca,2004,31(4):136.戚行江,梁森苗,郑锡良,汪国云.优质晚熟杨梅新品种‘晚荠蜜梅’[J].园艺学报,2004,31(4):136.
• [3]ZHENG Jintu,ZHANG Wangshu,BAO Lu,WANG Xiaoxiao,ZHU Youwei,FU Qisheng,XU Changjie,CHEN Kunsong.AFLPidentification and characterization of Yongxuan 56,a new line ofBiqi Chinese bayberry[J].Journal of Fruit Science,2006,23(3):397-400.郑金土,张望舒,鲍露,王霄霄,褚有为,傅起升,徐昌杰,陈昆松.荸荠种杨梅变异新株系甬选56号的主要生物学特征及其AFLP鉴别[J].果树学报,2006,23(3):397-400.
• [4]QIAN Jiebing,CHEN Zimin,CHEN Junwei,XIE Ming,QINQiaoping,ZHENG Jintu,YANG Rongxi,WU Youcai,ZHANGShanglong.Biological characteristics and RAPD identification ofa new high quality and large fruit bayberry line Wuzi[J].Journalof Fruit Science,2007,24(1):64-67.钱皆兵,陈子敏,陈俊伟,谢鸣,秦巧平,郑金土,杨荣曦,吴有才,张上隆.优质大果杨梅新品系乌紫杨梅的生物学特性及其RAPD鉴定[J].果树学报,2007,24(1):64-67.
• [5]ZHU Tianfu,WANG Rongfei,GAN Jianping,HE Tianliang,CHEN Jianwei.Dongkui male resulting from mutation and remedi-al effect[J].Zhejiang Citrus,2004,21(4):28-29.朱天富,王荣飞,甘建平,何天良,陈建伟.东魁杨梅雌株雄性化与补救效果[J].浙江柑橘,2004,21(4):28-29.
• [6]JIAO Yun,WANG Guoyun,CHAI Chunyan,JIA Huimin,GAOZhongshan.Morphology of pollen grains from the plants with dif-ferent type of sex by scanning electron microscope(sem)and theviability of pollens in red bayberry[J].South China Fruits,2013,42(1):12-15.焦云,汪国云,柴春燕,贾慧敏,高中山.不同性别类型杨梅花粉形态扫描电镜观测及生活力测定[J].中国南方果树,2013,42(1):12-15.
• [7]JIAO Yun,JIA Huimin,LI Xiongwei,CHAI Mingliang,JIA Huijuan,CHEN Zhe,WANG Guoyun,CHAI Chunyan,Eric van deWeg,GAO Zhongshan.Development of simple repeat(SSR)markers from a genome survey of Chinese bayberry(Myrica rubra)[J].BMC Genomics,2012,13:201.
• [8]XIE Rangjin,ZHOU Jian,WANG Guoyun,ZHANG Shuiming,CHEN Lin,GAO Zhongshan.Cultivar identification and geneticdiversity of Chinese bayberry(Myrica rubra)accessions based onfluorescent SSR Markers[J].Plant Molecular Biology Reporter,2011,29(3):554-562.
• [9]CHEN Miaojin,ZHANG Shuiming,ZHANG Wangshu,SU Ming-shen,XU Changjie,ZHENG Jintu,HUANG Dake,GAO Zhong-shan,CHEN Kunsong.Genetic identification and characterizationof a new Peach Line‘BEILUN 02-1’[J].Scientia Silvae Sinicae,2008,44(8):42-46.陈妙金,张水明,张望舒,苏明申,徐昌杰,郑金土,黄大可,高中山,陈昆松.桃新品系‘北仑02-1’的主要生物学特征及其遗传鉴别[J].林业科学,2008,44(8):42-46.
• [10]LI Xiongwei,MENG Xianqiao,JIA Huijuan,WANG Lirong,WANG Zhiqiang,MA Ruijuan,WU Dajun,DONG Bing,ARANZANA M J,ARUS P,GAO Zhongshan.Construction ofpeach genotype database with Fluorescent-labeled SSR Markers[J].Journal of Fruit Science,2013,30(6):924-932.李雄伟,孟宪桥,贾惠娟,王力荣,王志强,马瑞娟,吴大军,董冰,Maria Jose Aranzana,Pere Arus,高中山.桃品种特异性荧光SSR分子标记数据库构建[J].果树学报,2013,30(6):924-932.
• [11]LIU Huanfang,CHEN Xuesen,DUAN Chengguo,YANG Hong-hua,FENG Chunbao.Embryo rescue and identification of hy-brids between sweet Cherry and Chinese Cherry[J].Acta Horticul-turae Sinica,2004,31(3):303-308.刘焕芳,陈学森,段成国,杨红花,冯春宝.甜樱桃与中国樱桃杂种的胚抢救及杂种鉴定[J].园艺学报,2004,31(3):303-308.
• [12]JIA Huimin,SHEN Yutong,WANG Guoyun,DONG Xiao,DUFang,LIANG Senmiao,ZHOU Chaochao,JIA Huijuan,MAOWeihua,GAO Zhongshan.Development of 107 SSRs markersfrom whole genome shotgun sequences of Chinese bayberry(Myrica rubra)and their application in seedling identification[J].Jour-nal of Zhejiang University-Science Biomedicine&Biotechnolo-gy,2014,15(11):997-1005.
• [13]ZHANG Shuiming,XU Changjie,GAO Zhongshan,CHEN Kun-song,WANG Guoyun.Development and characterization of mic-rosatellite markers for Chinese bayberry(Myrica rubra Sieb.&Zucc[J].Conservation Genetics,2009,10(5):1605-1607.
• [14]PERFEGTTI F,PASCUAL L.Segregation distortion of isozymeloci in cherimoya(Annona cherimola Mill)[J].Theoretical andApplied Genetics,1996,93(3):440-446.
• [15]BRUMMER EC,BOUTON JH,KOCHERT G.Development ofan RFLP map in diploid alfalfa[J].Theoretical and Applied Genet-ics,1993,86:329-332.
• [16]KESSELI R,PARAN I,MICHELMORE RW.Analysis of a de-tailed genetic linkage map of Lactuca sativa(Lettuce)construct-ed from RFLP and RAPD markers[J].Genetics,1994,136:1435-1446.
• [17]YAN Jianbing,TANG Hua,HUANG Yiqin,ZHENG Yonglian,LI Jiansheng.Genetic analysis of segregation distortion of molecu-lar makers of Marze of F2population[J].Acta Genetica Sinica,2003,30(10):913-918.严建兵,汤华,黄益勤,郑用琏,李建生.玉米F2群体分子标记偏分离的遗传分析[J].遗传学报,2003,30(10):913-918.
• [18]ZHANG Qijun,YE Shaoping,LI Jieqin,ZHAO Bing,LIANGYongshu,PENG Yong,LI Ping.Construction of a microsatellitelinkage map with two sequenced rice varieties[J].Acta GeneticaSinica,2006,33(2):152-160.
• [19]FOLTZ D W.Segregation and linkage studies of allozyme loci inpair crosses of the oyster Crassostrea virginica[J].Biochemical Ge-netics,1986,24:941-956.