马宝焜;徐继忠;孙建设;

• 1:河北农业大学园艺学院

摘要(Abstract)：

乔砧密植是目前我国苹果栽培的主要形式,但苹果乔砧密植存在许多问题,如单产低、果实品质差、费工、技术复杂推广难度大等;矮砧密植具有结果早、产量高、果实品质优良、省工、技术简化易推广等优点,因此应用矮砧密植是苹果发展的必然趋势;我国矮砧密植栽培实践中存在着矮砧选择不当、栽植过深、栽培技术不配套等问题,直接影响了矮砧效果的发挥。从苹果生长结果习性、我国苹果栽培区域的立地条件等方面探讨了应用矮化砧木的必要性及适合矮砧密植栽培的条件,针对当前矮化栽培中出现的一些问题,结合作者多年的实践,从育苗、建园、整形修剪等方面提出了苹果矮砧密植栽培的技术要点,并举出成功的实例。

关键词(KeyWords)： 苹果;矮化砧木;密植栽培

Abstract:

Keywords:

基金项目(Foundation):

作者(Author): 马宝焜;徐继忠;孙建设;

Email:

DOI: 10.13925/j.cnki.gsxb.2010.01.020

参考文献(References)：

• [1]LI Zheng-zhi.Dwarf density planting of fruit tree[M].Shanghai:Shanghai Science and Technique Publishing Company,1984:1-8.李正之.果树矮化密植[M].上海:上海科学技术出版社,1984:1-8.
• [2]LI Bing-zhi,ZHANG Lin-sen,HAN Ming-yu.Application status of apple dwarfing rootstocks in world[J].Friend of Fruit Farmer,2007(7):4-5.李丙智,张林森,韩明玉.世界苹果矮化砧木应用现状[J].果农之友,2007(7):4-5.
• [3]ZHU Shu-hua,YU song-lin,QUAN Jun-ping.The status quo of the research and application of apple dwarfing rootstocks[J].Journal of Shihezi University,2003,7(4):327-331.朱树华,郁松林,权俊萍.世界苹果矮化砧木研究与应用现状[J].石河子大学学报,2003,7(4):327-331.
• [4]GE Yan-hui.Apple production comparison between China and Japan[D].Baoding:Master thesis of Hebei Agricultural University,2003.葛彦惠.中日苹果生产对比[D].保定:河北农业大学,2003.
• [5]LU Qiu-nong,JIA Ding-xian.China fruit-plant monograph apple[M].Beijing:Chinese Agricultural Science and Technique Publish-ing Company,China Forest Publishing Company,1999:71-86.陆秋农,贾定贤.中国果树志·苹果卷[M].北京:中国农业科技出版社,中国林业出版社,1999:71-86.
• [6]MA Bao-kun,XU Ji-zhong.Key techniques for training of apple slender spindle[J].China Fruits,2000(3):33-34.马宝焜,徐继忠.苹果树纺锤形整形关键技术[J].中国果树,2000(3):33-34.
• [7]MA Bao-kun,XU Ji-zhong,LUO De-xin.The studies on the rela-tionship between water contents in apple shoots during winter and shoots shrivelling with Red Fuji apple grafted on different dwarf in-terstocks[J].Journal of Agricultural University of Hebei,1999,22(4):34-37.马宝焜,徐继忠,骆德新.不同矮化中间砧红富士苹果越冬期间枝条内水份变化与抽条的关系[J].河北农业大学学报,1999,22(4):34-37.
• [8]XU Ji-zhong,SHI Bao-sheng,MA Bao-kun.Studies on the POD,IOD activities of the dwarfing stocks and the Red Fuji apple grafted on corresponding inters tocks[J].Agriculture Science in China,2002,1(5):562-567.
• [9]YAN Shu-tang,XU Ji-zhong.The effects of different dwarfing inter-stocks on the endogenous hormones and polyamines and cell division in fruits of Red Fuji Apple[J].Acta Horticulturae Sinica,2005,32(1):81-83.闫树堂,徐继忠.不同矮化中间砧对红富士苹果果实内源激素、多胺与细胞分裂的影响[J].园艺学报,2005,32(1):81-83.