苹果属植物染色体基数X=17起源的细胞遗传学研究Cytogenetic Studies on the Origin of Chromosomal Base Number X=17 in Malus
梁国鲁,李育农,李晓林
摘要(Abstract):
采用改良涂片法和去壁低渗法对苹果属10个二倍体种的小孢子母细胞染色体行为及根尖体细胞核对进行了分析.结果表明:小孢子染色体行为大多表现正常,联会构型以17Ⅱ占绝对优势.但偶尔也发现某些二价体的提早成延迟分离,多价体的发生,异型二价体、单价体、落后染色体及微核的形成以及后期的不均等分配;在体细胞染色体组成上,以中部着终点染色体(m)和近中都着丝点染色体(sm)为主,此外还有1—2个近端都着终点(st)同源染色体,核型为2A、2B和3B型.在每一种类的核型组成上均存在不同程度的染色体杂合现象.这些结果表明了苹果染色体组的异源多倍体起源,最后讨论了基数X=17的起源类型.
关键词(KeyWords): 苹果属;染色体行为;核型;二倍体;染色体基数
基金项目(Foundation): 国家自然科学基金资助课题《3870444》
作者(Author): 梁国鲁,李育农,李晓林
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DOI: 10.13925/j.cnki.gsxb.1994.04.002
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