王桂林;范伟国;彭福田;

• 1:山东农业大学园艺科学与工程学院·作物生物学国家重点实验室

摘要(Abstract)：

【目的】桃树是不耐水涝的果树树种之一,探索水涝胁迫的生理响应对桃树抗涝栽培具有重要意义。【方法】采用桃幼树淹水胁迫不同时间喷布水杨酸(SA)的方法研究其生理反应。【结果】桃树在淹水环境中,叶片净光合速率等光合参数明显下降,根系活力显著降低,叶片脯氨酸含量和MDA含量升高,根系及叶片中乙醇脱氢酶活力与叶片POD活性均呈现高活性状态。桃树淹水胁迫期间喷布SA,短期内可延缓根活力的下降,明显增加桃树叶片脯氨酸含量、叶片及根中乙醇脱氢酶活性、叶片保护酶POD及CAT活性;喷布SA可提高和稳定叶片净光合速率等光合特性。在淹水第1天喷布水杨酸处理的叶片净光合速率、根系活力、脯氨酸含量、乙醇脱氢酶及POD、CAT活性均增加最大,而叶片中MDA的相对含量明显降低。【结论】桃树淹水期间喷布水杨酸有助于提高其抗涝能力,保护叶片和根系胞膜免受损伤,稳定叶片光合能力和根系活性,利于缓解涝害,在淹水当天喷水杨酸的效果更明显。

关键词(KeyWords)： 桃树;水涝;水杨酸;抗逆性

Abstract:

Keywords:

基金项目(Foundation): 国家桃现代农业产业技术体系建设专项(编号:CARS-31-3-03);; “十二五”国家科技支撑计划(2014BAD16B02)

作者(Authors): 王桂林;范伟国;彭福田;

DOI: 10.13925/j.cnki.gsxb.20150051

参考文献(References)：

• [1]ZHUO Renying,CHEN Yitai.The flood-resistance research prog?ress of woody plants[J].Forest Research,2001,14(2):215-222.卓仁英,陈益泰.木本植物抗涝性研究进展[J].林业科学研究,2001,14(2):215-222.
• [2]MA Huanpu,LIU Zhimin.Comparison and observation of water?logging resistance and anatomical structure of peach rootstocks[J].Journal of Beijing Agricultural College,2006,4(2):1-4.马焕普,刘志民.几种桃砧木的耐涝性及其解剖结构的观察比较[J].北京农学院学报,2006,4(2):1-4.
• [3]LIU Dengwang,LI Lin.The response of alcohol dehydroganase activity&development of peanut roots to waterlogging&their re?lationships[J].Journal of Peanut Science,2007,36(4):12-17.刘登望,李林.涝对幼苗期花生根系ADH活性与生长发育的影响及相互关系[J].花生学报,2007,36(4):12-17.
• [4]LIU Kaiwen,SU Rongrui,ZHU Jianqiang,WU Qixia,TIAN Hao.Dynamic responses of main physiological indices in cotton leaf to waterlogging stress at seedling stage[J].Chinese Journal of Agrometeorology,2012,33(3):442-447.刘凯文,苏荣瑞,朱建强,吴启侠,田皓.棉花苗期叶片关键生理指标对涝渍胁迫的响应[J].中国农业气象,2012,33(3):442-447.
• [5]LI Xia,YAN Xiufeng,YU Tao.Effects of water stress on protec?tive enzyme activities and lipid peroxidation in Phellodendron amurense seedlings[J].Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology,2005,16(12):2353-2356.李霞,阎秀峰,于涛.水分胁迫对黄檗幼苗保护酶活性及脂质过氧化作用的影响[J].应用生态学报,2005,16(12):2353-2356.
• [6]HE Songtao,LIU Guoqin,FAN Weiguo.Physiological response to flooding stress on ginkgo(I)—A study on membrane lipid peroxi?dation and cell protective enzyme activity effects of ginkgo under flooding stress[J].Journal of Mountain Agriculture and Biology,2000,19(4):272-275.何嵩涛,刘国琴,樊卫国.银杏对水涝胁迫的生理反应(I)—水涝胁迫对银杏膜脂过氧化作用及保护酶活性的影响[J].山地农业科学学报,2000,19(4):272-275.
• [7]AZOOZ M M,YOUSSEF M M.Evaluation of heat shock and salicylic acid treatments as inducers of drought stress tolerance in Hassawi wheat[J].American Journal of Plant Physiology,2010,5:56-70.
• [8]CAO Shifeng,HU Zhichao,ZHENG Yonghua,LU Binhong.Syn?ergistic effect of heat treatment and salicylic acid on alleviating in?ternal browning in cold-stored peach fruit[J].Postharvest Biology and Technology,2010,58:93-97.
• [9]DUAN Baoli,YANG Yongqing,LU Yanwei,HELENA K,FRANK B,LI CY.Interactions between water deficits,ABA and provenances in Picea asperata[J].Journal of Experimental Bota?ny,2007,58:3025-3036.
• [10]ZHANG Shuqiu.Plant physiology experiment techniques course[M].Beijing:Science Press,2011:50-51,187-202.张蜀秋.植物生理学实验技术教程[M].北京:科学出版社,2011:50-51,187-202.
• [11]ZOU Qi.Plant physiology experiment guidance[M].Beijing:China Agriculture Press,2001:62-63,161-174.邹琦.植物生理学实验指导[M].北京:中国农业出版社,2001:62-63,161-174.
• [12]TANG Xiaoqing,WANG Kangcai,CHEN Xuan.Effects of water?logging stress on activity of alcohol dehydrogenase and peroxidase in seedlings of Isatidis indigotica[J].Acta Agriculturae Jiangxi,2011,23(2):70-73.唐晓清,王康才,陈暄.淹水胁迫对菘蓝苗期乙醇脱氢酶与过氧化物酶活性的影响[J].江西农业学报,2011,23(2):70-73.
• [13]KATO-NOGUCHI H,MOROKUMA M.Ethanolic fermentation and anoxia tolerance in four rice cultivars[J].Journal Plant Physi?ol,2007,164(2):168-173.
• [14]CHEN Qiuming,YIN Hui,LI Xiaoyan,YI Mingfang.Effects of salicylic acid on the activities of antioxidant systems in lily plants under high temperature stress[J].Journal of China Agricultural University,2008,13(2):44-48.陈秋明,尹慧,李晓艳,义鸣放.高温胁迫下外源水杨酸对百合抗氧化系统的影响[J].中国农业大学学报,2008,13(2):44-48.
• [15]WANG Weiying,ZOU Hui,LIN Bizhen,LIN Jiangbo.The ef?fects of salicylic acid on the antioxidant system of carved narcissus[J].Chinese Journal of Tropical Crops,2012,33(8):1431-1434.王伟英,邹晖,林碧珍,林江波.水杨酸对雕刻水仙的抗氧化系统的影响研究[J].热带作物学报,2012,33(8):1431-1434.
• [16]KUMARA G D K,XIA Y P,ZHU Z J,BASNAYAKE B M V S,BENERAGAMA C K.Effects of exogenous salicylic acid on antioxidative enzyme activities and physiological characteristics in gerbera(Gerbera jamesonii L.)grown under Na Cl stress[J].Journal of Zhejiang University(Agriculture&Life sciences),2010,36:591-601.
• [17]SINGH B,USHA K.Salicylic acid induced physiological and bio?chemical changes in wheat seedlings under water stress[J].Plant Growth Regulation,2003,39:137-141.
• [18]AROCA R,VEMIERI P,RUIZ-LOZANO J M.Mycorrhizal and non-mycorrhizal Lactuca sativa plants exhibit contrasting respons?es to exogenous ABA during drought stress and recovery[J].Jour?nal of Experimental Botany,2008,59:2029-2041.
• [19]YI Xiaolin,YANG Bingxian,ZONG Xuefeng,LI Mingyang.Sig?nal chemical salicylic acid mitigates the negative effects of drought on photosynthesis and membrance lipid peroxidation of purple majesty[J].Acta Ecologica Sinica,2011,31(1):67-74.易小林,杨丙贤,宗学凤,李名扬.信号分子水杨酸减缓干旱胁迫对紫御谷光合和膜脂过氧化的副效应[J].生态学报,2011,31(1):67-74.
• [20]HAYAT S,HASAN S A,FARIDUDDIN Q,AHMAD A.Growth of tomato(Lycopersicon esculentum)in response to salicylic acid under water stress[J].Journal of Plant Interactions,2008,3:297-304.
• [21]LIU Yueping,GONG Fei,ZHAO Xiaomeng.Salicylic acid-me?diated signal transduction pathway associated with stress resis?tance of plants[J].Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin,2005,21(7):227-229.刘悦萍,宫飞,赵晓萌.水杨酸介导的信号转导途径与植物抗逆性[J].中国农学通报,2005,21(7):227-229.
• [22]CUI Xiumei,LIU Xinbao,LI Zhihua.Effects of exogenous sali?cylic acid on photosynthesis and forage production and quality of melilotoides ruthenica under different water stress[J].Acta Agres?tia Sinica,2013,21(1):127-134.崔秀妹,刘信宝,李志华.外源水杨酸对水分胁迫下扁蓿豆光合作用及饲草产量和品质的影响[J].草地学报,2013,21(1):127-134.
• [23]HORVATH E,SZALAI G,JANDA T.Induction of abiotic stress tol-erance by salicylic acid signaling[J].Plant Growth Regul,2007,26:290-300.
• [24]KLESSIG D F,DURNER J,NOAD R,NAVARRE A,WENDE?HENNE D,KUMAR D,ZHOU J M,SHAH J,ZHANG S,KACHROO P.Nitric oxide and salicylic acid signalling in plant defense[J].Proc Natl Acad Sci USA,2000,97:8849-8855.
• [25]LIU Yan,CHEN Guilin,LI Xiaoyan,LIU Jingxiu.The influence of the salicylic acid for membrane lipid peroxidation under water stress on strawberry young plants[J].Acta Agriculturae Boreali-Si?nica,2010,25(5):127-131.刘艳,陈贵林,李晓燕,刘景秀.水杨酸对水分胁迫下草莓幼苗膜脂过氧化的影响[J].华北农学报,2010,25(5):127-131.
• [26]HAO Jinghong,YI Yang,SHANG Qingmao,DONG Chunjuan,ZHANG Zhigang.Effects of exogenous salicylic acid on mem?brane lipid peroxidation and photosynthetic characteristics of Cu?cumis sativus seedlings under drought stress[J].Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology,2012,23(3):717-723.郝敬虹,易旸,尚庆茂,董春娟,张志刚.干旱胁迫下外源水杨酸对黄瓜幼苗膜脂过氧化和光合特性的影响[J].应用生态学报,2012,23(3):717-723.
• [27]XIN Guorong,DONG Meiling.The present research state of plant ethylene,proline accumulation and stoma reaction underwater stress[J].Pratacultural Science,1997,14(1):62-66.辛国荣,董美玲.水分胁迫下植物乙烯、脯氨酸积累、气孔反应研究现状[J].草业科学,1997,14(1):62-66.