苹果无融合生殖半矮化砧木‘辽砧106’的选育‘LZ106’,a new apomixis and semi-dwarfing rootstock for apple
杨锋;刘志;伊凯;何明莉;王冬梅;闫忠业;吕天星;姜孝军;
摘要(Abstract):
‘辽砧106’是由平邑甜茶×M27杂交选育的苹果无融合生殖半矮化砧木。该砧木树势中庸,树姿半开张;果实扁圆形,果皮红色,果肉淡黄色,肉质紧密,风味甜酸;平均单果质量5.6 g,果形指数0.91。可溶性固形物含量22.6%,可溶性糖含量13.3%,可滴定酸含量2.12%。在熊岳地区5月初开花,10月下旬果实成熟;每花序56朵花,每果实含种子66朵花,每果实含种子68粒,种子千粒重14.6 g,层积时间458粒,种子千粒重14.6 g,层积时间4555 d,播种发芽率90.3%,无融合生殖率93.5%,苗木整齐度93.2%,种子砧与‘富士’系、‘嘎拉’‘金冠’‘寒富’等苹果品种嫁接成活率93.4%。栽植株行距2.0 m×4.0 m,455 d,播种发芽率90.3%,无融合生殖率93.5%,苗木整齐度93.2%,种子砧与‘富士’系、‘嘎拉’‘金冠’‘寒富’等苹果品种嫁接成活率93.4%。栽植株行距2.0 m×4.0 m,46 a生平均666.7 m2产量1 7306 a生平均666.7 m2产量1 7303 050 kg,早果性、丰产性与M26相当,成龄嫁接树株高、干径、冠径等矮化性与M7相当。可耐-32℃低温,抗轮纹病能力较强,根系发达、固地性强。适宜播种繁殖矮化自根砧培育带分枝大苗建园,在沈阳以南和相似区域栽植。
关键词(KeyWords): 苹果;半矮化砧木新品种;‘辽砧106’;无融合生殖
基金项目(Foundation): 公益性行业(农业)科研专项(201203075-05);; 辽宁省农业攻关与成果产业化项目(2014204004);; 现代农业产业技术体系建设专项(CARS-28)
作者(Authors): 杨锋;刘志;伊凯;何明莉;王冬梅;闫忠业;吕天星;姜孝军;
DOI: 10.13925/j.cnki.gsxb.20160302
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