朱攀攀;李有芳;邱洁雅;王敏;张超博;凌丽俐;施云庭;胡军华;张蓉;李永奇;资丽玲;彭良志;

• 1:西南大学柑桔研究所·国家柑桔工程技术研究中心
• 2:云南省玉溪市柑桔研究所

摘要(Abstract)：

【目的】对云南省玉溪市柑橘土壤养分水平和叶片营养状况及其相关性进行分析,为柑橘的合理施肥提供科学依据。【方法】对玉溪市华宁南盘江河谷区、华宁山地区、元江干热河谷区和新平山地区4个生态区101个柑橘园土壤和叶片样品的10种营养元素进行测定分析。【结果】南盘江河谷区、华宁山地区、元江干热河谷区和新平山地区4个生态区橘园土壤碱解N含量不足(缺乏和低量)的比例分别为77.08%、63.64%、91.67%、80.00%;华宁山地区土壤速效P不足最为严重,达到100%,其余3个生态区土壤速效P主要在适宜水平;4个生态区土壤速效K适宜水平的比例分别达到93.75%、100%、83.33%、96.67%;土壤交换性钙Ca含量以适宜水平为主,但交换性Mg含量以不足水平为主;各生态区土壤速效Fe、Mn、Cu含量丰富(适宜及以上),土壤速效B不足,而元江干热河谷区和新平山地区速效Zn含量主要不足;土壤速效B主要是不足水平。华宁山地区柑橘叶片N、K不足比例较高,分别达到45.45%和36.36%,其余3个生态区的N、P、K均处于丰富水平;叶片Ca含量丰富;元江干热河谷区叶片Mg不足比例66.67%,其余3个生态区叶片Mg均在丰富水平;各生态区叶片Fe、Mn、B含量均丰富;叶片Zn均在不足水平;新平山地区30.00%橘园叶片Cu含量不足。对4个生态区分别进行相关性分析,结果显示南盘江河谷区橘园土壤有效Mn、Zn、Cu、B及新平山地区橘园土壤有效Mg、Mn、Zn与其叶片相应元素含量显著(p <0.05)或极显著(p <0.01)相关,元江干热河谷区橘园土壤有效Mg与叶片Mg含量极显著相关,华宁山地区土壤全部营养元素有效态含量与叶片对应元素含量未达显著正相关水平;整体相关性分析结果则显示,橘园土壤有效Mn、Cu、B与叶片相应元素含量显著或极显著相关。【结论】玉溪不同柑橘生态区土壤与叶片营养元素含量丰缺并存,生产上需重视补充与平衡。整个玉溪产区橘园土壤与叶片营养元素含量相关性规律不强;玉溪橘园测土不能良好反映树体的实际营养状况,需要探索改进测土方法,或结合叶片营养诊断制定施肥方案。

关键词(KeyWords)： 柑橘;玉溪;土壤养分;叶片营养;相关性

Abstract:

Keywords:

基金项目(Foundation): 国家重点研发计划专项课题(2017YFD0202006);; 国家现代农业(柑橘)产业技术体系建设专项(CARS-26-01A)

作者(Author): 朱攀攀;李有芳;邱洁雅;王敏;张超博;凌丽俐;施云庭;胡军华;张蓉;李永奇;资丽玲;彭良志;

Email:

DOI: 10.13925/j.cnki.gsxb.20190240

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