张强;魏钦平;尚志华;刘松忠;王小伟;

• 1:北京市农林科学院林业果树研究所

摘要(Abstract)：

【目的】为分析北京地区矮砧苹果园优质丰产树体结构和光照状况,【方法】应用树冠立体分区法,调查了高纺锤形矮化中间砧富士(宫藤富士/SH6/八棱海棠,Malus domestica Borkh cv.Red Fuji)优质丰产园树冠内枝(梢)数量和比例、冠层内相对光照强度、果实产量和品质的分布特点。【结果】高纺锤形矮化中间砧富士树体高度3.32 m,冠径2.45 m,覆盖率54.44%,树高/行距为0.74,总枝(梢)量7.83×105条.hm-2,短枝(梢)比例为66%,优质短枝(梢)比例为38.4%;树冠内小于30%相对光照强度的树冠体积占整个树冠体积的4.17%;果实产量79.55 t.hm-2,平均单果质量为299.79 g,大于200 g的果实占总产量的97.9%,果实平均着色面积为97.56%,可溶性固形物含量为14.60%。【结论】北京地区矮砧苹果园提高幼树期覆盖率、增加树冠上层的枝(梢)数量是充分发挥矮砧富士苹果早果、优质高产潜力的关键技术措施。

关键词(KeyWords)： 苹果;矮化中间砧;高纺锤形;树体结构;相对光照;产量品质

Abstract:

Keywords:

基金项目(Foundation): 国家苹果产业技术体系建设专项(CARS-28);; 公益性行业(农业)科研专项(200903003)

作者(Author): 张强;魏钦平;尚志华;刘松忠;王小伟;

Email:

DOI: 10.13925/j.cnki.gsxb.2013.04.020

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