王鑫;王多文;金娜;何彩;王玮;牟德生;郭艳兰;李红旭;

• 1:武威市林业科学研究院
• 2:甘肃省农业科学院林果花卉研究所

摘要(Abstract)：

【目的】探明密植圆柱形梨树最佳留果量,为密植圆柱形梨园合理负载和疏果管理提供依据。【方法】选取树高、干径和单轴结果枝组数量相对一致的密植圆柱形‘早酥’和‘黄冠’梨树,根据结果枝组数量按照每个结果枝组平均留3、6、9、12个果,设置4个留果量处理T1、T2、T3、T4,测定果实生长动态、品质、产量指标和对第二年成花的影响,综合评估最佳留果量。【结果】(1)果实纵横径的变化呈"慢-快-慢"的趋势,随留果量的增加,果实纵径和横径生长速率逐渐减小。(2)单果质量随留果量的增大而减少,T1和T2处理单果质量最大,不同留果量处理对果形指数无显著影响。(3)T1和T2处理可溶性固形物和可溶性糖含量高,‘早酥’随留果量的增加,可滴定酸含量增加,而‘黄冠’可滴定酸含量T1和T2最低,T3最高。果实糖酸比随留果量的增加而降低。(4)不同留果量处理果肉硬度无显著差异,‘早酥’果肉石细胞含量随着留果量的增加有增加的趋势,‘黄冠’不同处理间石细胞含量差异不显著。(5)果心比率随着留果量的增加而增大,T1和T2处理果心比率最小。(6)密植圆柱形梨园T2处理‘早酥’每666.7 m²产量为4 830.4～4 837.9 kg,‘黄冠’每666.7 m2产量为4 830.4～4 837.9 kg,‘黄冠’每666.7 m²产量为5 441.3～5 693.1 kg。【结论】密植圆柱形梨树T2处理单果质量大,可溶性固形物和可溶性糖含量高,果实糖酸比适宜,果心比率小,品质佳,且不影响当年成花,在保证品质的前提下产量最高。

关键词(KeyWords)： 梨;密植;圆柱形;留果量;果实品质;产量

Abstract:

Keywords:

基金项目(Foundation): 甘肃省科技支撑计划（1604NKCA063-2）;; 国家现代农业（梨）产业技术体系建设专项（CARS-28-46）;; 甘肃省科技重大专项（18ZD2NA006-3）;; 中央财政林业科技推广示范项目（[2019]ZYTG08）

作者(Authors): 王鑫;王多文;金娜;何彩;王玮;牟德生;郭艳兰;李红旭;

DOI: 10.13925/j.cnki.gsxb.20200089

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