李瑛;张睿佳;张伟达;李政;陆姗姗;顾巧英;单传伦;张才喜;王世平;许文平;

• 1:上海交通大学农业与生物学院
• 2:上海农工商现代农业园区有限公司
• 3:上海市葡萄研究所

摘要(Abstract)：

【目的】筛选适宜设施促成栽培的葡萄品种。【方法】以上海地区设施栽培常用的‘巨峰’等19个葡萄品种及从日本新引进的‘阳光玫瑰’等28个品种为材料,测定和分析了这些葡萄品种的光合和叶绿素荧光特性。【结果】根据光合特征参数光补偿点(LCP)、最大净光合速率(Pm)、暗呼吸速率(Rd)、表观量子效率(AQY)等及叶绿素荧光参数光化学猝灭(q P)、非光化学猝灭(NPQ)等对47个品种的耐弱光能力进行了评价。LCP与Rd呈极显著性正相关,Rd是影响LCP的主要因素,耐弱光品种具有Rd低、弱光下净光合速率高的特点。用光补偿点表征的47个葡萄品种的耐弱光能力可分为:1)极耐弱光品种(LCP=0¹0μmol·m-2·s-1)有‘希娜玛瑙’‘独角兽’‘紫苑’‘红罗莎’‘白罗莎’‘阳光胭脂’‘里奇巴巴’‘婴儿手指’‘凉玉’‘红港’和‘阿莫莱玫瑰’共11个;2)耐弱光品种(LCP=1010μmol·m-2·s-1)有‘希娜玛瑙’‘独角兽’‘紫苑’‘红罗莎’‘白罗莎’‘阳光胭脂’‘里奇巴巴’‘婴儿手指’‘凉玉’‘红港’和‘阿莫莱玫瑰’共11个;2)耐弱光品种(LCP=10³0μmol·m-2·s-1)有‘巨峰’‘皇家’‘东方之星’‘10-1’‘晚熟里扎马特’‘甲斐路’‘黑彼特’‘黑天鹅’‘黑三尺’‘高蓓蕾’‘罗兰玫瑰’‘早茉莉’‘秋峰’‘库尔干玫瑰’‘粉红亚都蜜’‘相模’和‘京亚’共17个;3)较耐弱光品种(LCP=3030μmol·m-2·s-1)有‘巨峰’‘皇家’‘东方之星’‘10-1’‘晚熟里扎马特’‘甲斐路’‘黑彼特’‘黑天鹅’‘黑三尺’‘高蓓蕾’‘罗兰玫瑰’‘早茉莉’‘秋峰’‘库尔干玫瑰’‘粉红亚都蜜’‘相模’和‘京亚’共17个;3)较耐弱光品种(LCP=30⁵0μmol·m-2·s-1)有‘旭旺4号’‘奥古斯特’‘无核早红’‘希姆劳特’(‘喜乐’)‘MTC斯蒂本’‘康能玫瑰’‘夏黑’和‘美人指’共8个;4)不耐弱光品种(LCP=5050μmol·m-2·s-1)有‘旭旺4号’‘奥古斯特’‘无核早红’‘希姆劳特’(‘喜乐’)‘MTC斯蒂本’‘康能玫瑰’‘夏黑’和‘美人指’共8个;4)不耐弱光品种(LCP=50¹00μmol·m-2·s-1)有‘意大利’‘鲁沙其’‘桃太郎’‘阳光玫瑰’‘藤稔’‘无核白鸡心’‘意其克马尔’‘夏绿’‘巨玫瑰’和‘醉金香’共10个;5)极不耐弱光品种(LCP大于100μmol·m-2·s-1)有‘圣诞玫瑰’。【结论】净光合速率(Pn)、光补偿点(LCP)和暗呼吸速率(Rd)对评价葡萄品种的耐弱光能力具有参考价值,LCP在0100μmol·m-2·s-1)有‘意大利’‘鲁沙其’‘桃太郎’‘阳光玫瑰’‘藤稔’‘无核白鸡心’‘意其克马尔’‘夏绿’‘巨玫瑰’和‘醉金香’共10个;5)极不耐弱光品种(LCP大于100μmol·m-2·s-1)有‘圣诞玫瑰’。【结论】净光合速率(Pn)、光补偿点(LCP)和暗呼吸速率(Rd)对评价葡萄品种的耐弱光能力具有参考价值,LCP在0⁵0μmol·m-2·s-1的‘希娜玛瑙’‘独角兽’‘紫苑’‘红罗莎’等36个品种为适合早春促成栽培的耐弱光葡萄品种。其中‘巨峰’‘夏黑’‘粉红亚都蜜’‘红罗莎’‘希姆劳特’‘京亚’‘美人指’‘奥古斯特’‘罗兰玫瑰’‘阳光胭脂’‘凉玉’‘里奇巴巴’‘高蓓蕾’‘红港’‘婴儿手指’‘黑三尺’‘10-1’‘黑彼特’‘无核早红’‘旭旺4号’‘相模’‘库尔干玫瑰’‘秋峰’‘早茉莉’‘康能玫瑰’这25个葡萄品种同时也具备较强的耐强光能力。

关键词(KeyWords)： 葡萄品种;光合特性;光补偿点;耐弱光;设施栽培

Abstract:

Keywords:

基金项目(Foundation): 国家葡萄产业技术体系(nycytx-30-zh-03);; 上海果业产业技术体系(沪农科(2014)第7号)

作者(Authors): 李瑛;张睿佳;张伟达;李政;陆姗姗;顾巧英;单传伦;张才喜;王世平;许文平;

DOI: 10.13925/j.cnki.gsxb.20150064

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