齐秀娟;王然;兰彦平;陈锦永;顾红;方金豹;

• 1:中国农业科学院郑州果树研究所·中国农业科学院果树生长发育与品质控制重点开放实验室
• 2:北京市林业果树科学研究院

摘要(Abstract)：

【目的】明确3个猕猴桃栽培种的花粉形态学特征,了解其遗传变异特性、亲缘关系,为花粉的外观形态与种间分类提供依据。【方法】利用扫描电镜对30个品系的花粉粒进行形态观察。【结果】花粉粒外观为长球形或超长球形,极面观均为三裂圆形,可看到3条内陷萌发沟。美味猕猴桃萌发沟长度18.08~31.48μm、萌发沟脊宽度4.65~11.42μm、极轴长度21.54~36.05μm、赤道轴长度9.60~17.66μm,极轴/赤道轴1.65~3.05、大小244.90~608.52μm2。中华猕猴桃萌发沟长度14.09~24.96μm、萌发沟脊宽度4.09~9.37μm、极轴长度15.60~30.11μm、赤道轴长度8.85~17.87μm、极轴/赤道轴1.26~2.65、大小182.58~443.18μm2。软枣猕猴桃萌发沟长度16.34~30.06μm、萌发沟脊宽度6.11~11.23μm、极轴长度18.66~32.11μm、赤道轴长度8.76~18.42μm、极轴/赤道轴1.33~2.68、大小166.62~547.07μm2。表面纹饰存在3种类型:(1)波纹状,美味猕猴桃、中华猕猴桃和软枣猕猴桃样品均包含,占样品总数的53.33%;(2)疣状,美味猕猴桃、中华猕猴桃和软枣猕猴桃样品均包含,占样品总数的36.67%;(3)颗粒状,均为软枣猕猴桃,占样品总数的10.00%。【结论】猕猴桃花粉外观形态和大小在相同种内和相同来源环境背景下存在一定的保守性;整体来看,美味猕猴桃花粉最大,其次是软枣猕猴桃花粉,显著大于中华猕猴桃花粉;花粉大小、萌发沟长度、萌发沟脊宽度、极轴长度、赤道轴长度,中华猕猴桃均显著小于美味猕猴桃,可作为2者划分的孢粉学特征依据。

关键词(KeyWords)： 猕猴桃;花粉形态;纹饰;遗传多样性

Abstract:

Keywords:

基金项目(Foundation): 中国农业科学院郑州果树研究所基本科研业务费(1610192016204);; 国家科技基础性工作专项(2012FY110100)

作者(Author): 齐秀娟;王然;兰彦平;陈锦永;顾红;方金豹;

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参考文献(References)：

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