张盼;吕强;易时来;刘颖;何绍兰;谢让金;郑永强;潘海洋;邓烈;

• 1:西南大学·中国农业科学院柑桔研究所
• 2:国家柑桔工程技术研究中心
• 3:珠海绿卫士航空植保技术有限公司

摘要(Abstract)：

【目的】探索无人机施药在柑橘树体冠层的雾滴沉积效果,并对喷雾效应做出初步评价,为果园无人机喷雾技术应用发展提供依据。【方法】以长势茂密的10 a生枳[Poncirus trifoliata(L.)Raf.]砧改良橙(Citrus sinensis‘Gailiangcheng orange’)为试材,小型四旋翼无人机在不同类型的喷头和飞行高度下,用丽春红2R溶液对树冠进行喷雾,卡纸收集雾滴,用图像处理技术分析雾滴沉积参数。【结果】1)冠层上部雾滴沉积最多,树冠中和下部依次减少,树冠上层、中层和下层每cm2的平均雾滴沉积个数分别为10.70、6.59和4.35;在无人机飞行方向的左、中、右侧冠层,雾滴覆盖率分别为2.20%、5.04%和5.27%,呈现出由左到右逐渐增多的趋势,而雾滴粒径却呈相反的变化趋势,从左到右分别为0.85、0.72和0.64 mm;在无人机飞行方向上,前部、中部和后部雾滴沉积无明显差异。2)不同飞行高度对雾滴沉积效果有较大影响,以距树冠顶部1.0 m高度的雾滴沉积效果较好,随高度的增加或减少,冠层雾滴沉积各项参数均呈下降趋势。3)旋转离心式喷头喷雾的雾滴粒径(0.26 mm)显著小于压力式喷头(0.53 mm),而雾滴沉积总数和沉积密度则大于压力式喷头。【结论】小型四旋翼无人机喷雾的雾滴空间分布上,树冠上层的沉积效果较好;飞机飞行过程中的喷雾性能相对稳定;距离冠层顶部1.0 m高度飞行喷洒的雾滴覆盖率、沉积密度等各项参数较为理想;旋转离心式喷头比压力式喷头的喷雾效果更好。

关键词(KeyWords)： 柑橘;无人机;航空喷雾;雾滴沉积

Abstract:

Keywords:

基金项目(Foundation): 国家国际合作专项项目(2013DFA11470);; “十二五”国家科技支撑计划(2014BAD16B0103);; 重庆市科技支撑示范工程项目(cstc2014fazktpt80015,cstc2014fazktjcsf80033)

作者(Author): 张盼;吕强;易时来;刘颖;何绍兰;谢让金;郑永强;潘海洋;邓烈;

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