鲁兴凯;张秀英;张丹;马勉娣;吴冬;李超;

• 1:昭通苹果产业研究所

摘要(Abstract)：

【目的】了解不同采收时间和套袋与否对果实品质的影响,为当地确定‘红富士’苹果的最佳采收时间和推行无袋化栽培提供依据。【方法】以西南冷凉高地苹果主产区云南省昭通地区的‘红富士’苹果为研究对象,采用生理生化分析方法,对不同采收时间及果实套袋与否的样品进行了果实成熟度、果肉硬度、可溶性固形物含量、可溶性糖含量、可滴定酸含量、维生素C含量、水分含量、固酸比等理化指标进行测定分析,比较各个样品之间的品质差异。【结果】(1)套袋果实固酸比低于不套袋果实,不套袋果实内在品质、风味均优于套袋果实。(2)在一定时间范围内,采收时间越晚,果实风味越佳。9月中旬为‘红富士’苹果可采成熟时期,10月上旬为果实的可食成熟时期,10月中旬为果实的生理成熟时期。(3)各个时期,套袋与不套袋‘红富士’苹果均有较好的内在品质,内在品质指标均能达到国家《鲜苹果》质量标准,酸甜适度,属于苹果中的优质果品。(4)各个采收时间的套袋果实成熟期比不套袋果实成熟期均提前1周左右。(5)10月下旬至11月上中旬采收的果实,平均固酸比和糖酸比分别达到56.1和54.5,普遍具有糖心现象,内在理化指标组合及口感风味最佳,是昭通‘红富士’苹果鲜食果实的最佳采收时间。【结论】套袋与不套袋‘红富士’苹果果实品质均较好,没有差异。从生产成本、环境污染、自然生态角度考虑,在该地区可以逐步取消苹果套袋。生理成熟期以后的一定时间范围内,在低纬度、高海拔冷凉气候条件下形成的‘红富士’糖心苹果品质极好。

关键词(KeyWords)： ‘红富士’苹果;西南冷凉高地;采收时间;果实套袋;果实品质

Abstract:

Keywords:

基金项目(Foundation): 昭通市人民政府2015苹果产业专项

作者(Author): 鲁兴凯;张秀英;张丹;马勉娣;吴冬;李超;

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