张春兰;李苇洁;姚红艳;罗充;徐旵旵;申笑阳;

• 1:贵州师范大学生命科学学院
• 2:贵州省山地资源研究所
• 3:贵州大学动物科学学院

摘要(Abstract)：

【目的】探明不同猕猴桃品种根际AM真菌的多样性、空间分布规律以及土壤养分的生态功能。【方法】于2014年7月在贵州省猕猴桃产学研基地采集4个猕猴桃品种(‘海沃德’‘红阳’‘金艳’‘黄金果’)根际0¹0、>1010、>10²0、>2020、>20⁴0 cm 3个土层的土样和根样,采用碱解离-酸性品红染色法与湿筛-倾析-蔗糖离心法分别测定菌根侵染率、AM真菌孢子密度,并对AM真菌孢子进行形态学鉴定,研究AM真菌的侵染特性、物种多样性以及与土壤养分的相关性。【结果】‘海沃德’侵染率最高,为34.3%;‘黄金果’侵染率最低,为14.9%。共分离鉴定出AM真菌4属69种,其中球囊霉属(Glomus)39种,无梗囊霉属(Acaulospora)24种,盾巨孢囊霉属(Scutellospora)4种,内养囊霉属(Entrophospora)2种,优势种枫香球囊霉(Glomus liquidambaris)在4个猕猴桃品种各土层中均有分布;AM真菌孢子主要分布于>1040 cm 3个土层的土样和根样,采用碱解离-酸性品红染色法与湿筛-倾析-蔗糖离心法分别测定菌根侵染率、AM真菌孢子密度,并对AM真菌孢子进行形态学鉴定,研究AM真菌的侵染特性、物种多样性以及与土壤养分的相关性。【结果】‘海沃德’侵染率最高,为34.3%;‘黄金果’侵染率最低,为14.9%。共分离鉴定出AM真菌4属69种,其中球囊霉属(Glomus)39种,无梗囊霉属(Acaulospora)24种,盾巨孢囊霉属(Scutellospora)4种,内养囊霉属(Entrophospora)2种,优势种枫香球囊霉(Glomus liquidambaris)在4个猕猴桃品种各土层中均有分布;AM真菌孢子主要分布于>10²0 cm土层,孢子密度与土层和速效磷呈显著正相关、与全氮呈极显著负相关、与p H呈显著负相关,种丰度的分布变化规律与孢子密度一样,020 cm土层,孢子密度与土层和速效磷呈显著正相关、与全氮呈极显著负相关、与p H呈显著负相关,种丰度的分布变化规律与孢子密度一样,0²0 cm土层AM真菌平均多样性指数最高。【结论】4个猕猴桃品种根系均能被AM真菌侵染,但侵染率较低,不同品种猕猴桃根际具有较丰富的AM真菌资源,AM真菌物种多样性具有明显的空间异质性,并与土壤养分密切相关,这为进一步筛选和接种优势AM真菌,促进猕猴桃引种栽培及产业化发展具有重要意义。

关键词(KeyWords)： 猕猴桃;AM真菌;多样性;土壤养分;相关性

Abstract:

Keywords:

基金项目(Foundation): 贵州科学院创新基金重点项目(黔科院J合字[2012]01号,黔科合体Z字[2013]4010号,黔科合体Z字[2015]4001号);; 贵州省省市合作项目(52020-2015-H-06)

作者(Authors): 张春兰;李苇洁;姚红艳;罗充;徐旵旵;申笑阳;

DOI: 10.13925/j.cnki.gsxb.20160290

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