成学慧;冯新新;张治平;申明;汪良驹;

• 1:南京农业大学园艺学院

摘要(Abstract)：

【目的】为了验证"爱乐壮"氨基酸肥料在果树生产中应用的可能性,【方法】以大棚栽培‘红颊’草莓为试材,比较了叶面喷施稀释1 000倍和500倍"爱乐壮"氨基酸肥液对草莓叶片叶绿素含量、光合效率以及果实累积产量的影响。【结果】结果表明,与对照相比,不论在喷施后半个月还是1个月,2种浓度的"爱乐壮"肥液均能提高草莓叶片叶绿素相对含量(SPAD)、净光合速率(Pn)、光合性能指数(PIABS)、PSⅡ反应中心吸收光能用于电子传递的量子比率(φE0)、单位受光面积有活性反应中心数量(RC/CS)、单位活性反应中心电子传递能量(ET0/RC)和捕获激子将电子传递到QA-下游其他电子受体的概率(ψ0),同时降低K相可变荧光占J相可变荧光的比例(Wk)、PSⅡ反应中心QA被还原的最大速率(Mo)和单位活性反应中心耗散能量(DIo/CS)。在喷施后2个月,"爱乐壮"对叶片光合的效应逐渐消失,而草莓产量则显著增加。【结论】因而建议,在大棚草莓生产过程中,1个月喷施1次"爱乐壮"肥料,可以有效提高叶片光合性能,增加产量,提高效益。

关键词(KeyWords)： 草莓;ALA;“爱乐壮”;光合;果实产量

Abstract:

Keywords:

基金项目(Foundation): 江苏省高校优势学科建设工程(PAPD)

作者(Authors): 成学慧;冯新新;张治平;申明;汪良驹;

DOI: 10.13925/j.cnki.gsxb.2012.05.032

参考文献(References)：

• [1]WANG Liang-ju,JIANG Wei-bing,HUANG Bao-jian.Promotion of photosynthesis by5-aminolevulinic acid(ALA)during and after chilling stress in melon seedlings grown under low light condition[J].Acta Hort Sin,2004,31(3):321-326.汪良驹,姜卫兵,黄保健.5-氨基乙酰丙酸对弱光下甜瓜幼苗光合作用和抗冷性的促进效应[J].园艺学报,2004,31(3):321-326.
• [2]WANG Liang-ju,SHI Wei,LIU Hui,LIU Wei-qin,JIANG Wei-bing,HOU Xi-lin.Effects of exogenous5-aminolevulinic acid treatment on leaf photosynthesis of pak-choi[J].J Nanjing Agric U-niversity,2004,27(2):34-38.汪良驹,石伟,刘晖,刘卫琴,姜卫兵,侯喜林.外源5-氨基乙酰丙酸处理对小白菜叶片的光合作用效应[J].南京农业大学学报,2004,27(2):34-38.
• [3]WANG Liang-ju,LIU Wei-qin,SUN Guo-rong,WANG Jian-bo,JIANG Wei-bing,LIU Hui,LI Zhi-qiang,ZHUANG Meng.Effects of5-aminolevulinic acid on photosynthesis and chlorophyll fluores-cence of radish seedlings[J].Acta Bot Boreal-Occident Sin,2005,25(3):488-496.汪良驹,刘卫琴,孙国荣,王建波,姜卫兵,刘晖,李志强,庄猛.ALA对萝卜不同叶位叶片光合作用与叶绿素荧光特性的影响[J].西北植物学报,2005,25(3):488-496.
• [4]LIU Wei-qin,KANG Lang,WANG Liang-ju.Effects on strawberry photosynthesis and relations to anti-oxidant enzymes of ALA[J].Acta Bot Boreal-Occident Sin,2006,26:57-62.刘卫琴,康琅,汪良驹.ALA对草莓光合作用的影响及其与抗氧化酶的关系[J].西北植物学报,2006,26:57-62.
• [5]LIU Wei-qin,WANG Liang-ju,LIU Hui,ZHUANG Meng,LI Zhi-qiang.Effects of shading on photosynthesis and chlorophyll flu-orescence characteristics of Toyonoka strawberry cultivar[J].Journal Fruit Science,2006,23(2):209-213.刘卫琴,汪良驹,刘晖,庄猛,李志强.遮阴对丰香草莓光合作用及叶绿素荧光特性的影响[J].果树学报,2006,23:(2)209-213.
• [6]KANG Lang,CHENG Yun,WANG Liang-ju.Effects of5-aminole-vulinic acid(ALA)on the photosynthesis and anti-oxidative enzyme activities of the leaves of greenhouse watermelon in summer and winter[J].Acta Bot Boreal-Occident Sin,2006,26:2297-2301.康琅,程云,汪良驹.5-氨基乙酰丙酸对秋冬季大棚西瓜叶片光合作用及抗氧化酶活性的影响[J].西北植物学报,2006,26:2297-2301.
• [7]SUN Yong-ping,WEI Zhen-yu,ZHANG Zhi-ping,WANG Liang-ju.Protection of5-aminolevulinic acid(ALA)on high light pho-toinhibition of watermelon grown under shade condition[J].Acta Bot Boreal-Occident Sin,2008,28:1384-1390.孙永平,魏震宇,张治平,汪良驹.ALA对遮荫条件下西瓜幼苗强光抑制的保护效应[J].西北植物学报,2008,28:1384-1390.
• [8]WANG L J,SUN Y P,ZHANG Z P.Effects of5-aminolevulinic acid(ALA)on photosynthesis and chlorophyll fluorescence of watermel-on seedlings grown under low light and low temperature conditions[J].Acta Hort,2010,856:159-166.
• [9]SUN Y P,ZHANG Z P,WANG L J.Promotion of5-aminolevulinic acid treatment on leaf photosynthesis is related with increase of an-tioxidant enzyme activity in watermelon seedlings grown under shade condition[J].Photosynthetica,2009,47(3):347-354.
• [10]SU Chang-hong,ZHONG Xiu-li,WANG Dao-long,LI Mao-song.Effects of different chemicals on resistance of tomato seedling to chilling under low light[J].J Natural Disasters,2006,15(6):312-317.苏常红,钟秀丽,王道龙,李茂松.几种化学物质对番茄幼苗耐低温弱光能力的影响[J].自然灾害学报,2006,15(6):312-317.
• [11]XU Ming,XU Fu-li.Effects of exogenous5-aminolevulinic acid on the growth and the yield of the tomato in sunlight greenhouse[J].J Northwest A&F University:Natural Science Edition,2008,36(9):126-130.徐铭,徐福利.5-氨基乙酰丙酸对日光温室番茄生长发育和产量品质的影响[J].西北农林科技大学学报:自然科学版,2008,36(9):126-130.
• [12]YIN Lu-lu,YU Xian-chang,WANG Ying-hua,XU Zhen-hang,LI Kun,HAN Dao-jie.Effect of5-aminolevulinic acid on chilling-tolerance in cucumber seedlings[J].Acta Agric Boreal-occident Sin,2007,16(4):166-169.尹璐璐,于贤昌,王英华,许贞杭,李坤,韩道杰.5-氨基乙酰丙酸对黄瓜幼苗抗冷性的影响[J].西北农业学报,2007,16(4):166-169.
• [13]LIU Yu-mei,AI Xi-zhen,YU Xian-chang.Effects of ALA on pho-tosynthesis of cucumber seedlings under suboptimal temperature and light intensity[J].Acta Hort Sin,2010,37(1):65-71.刘玉梅,艾希珍,于贤昌.5-氨基乙酰丙酸对亚适宜温光条件下黄瓜幼苗光合特性的影响[J].园艺学报,2010,37(1):65-71.
• [14]FENG Zhi-wei,GUO Shang,MAO Li-ping,ZHAO Cheng-feng.Effect of ALA treatment to quality and yield in spinach[J].J Shanxi Agric Sci,2009,37(5):42-43.冯志威,郭尚,毛丽萍,赵成风.ALA处理对菠菜品质和产量的影响[J].山西农业科学,2009,37(5):42-43.
• [15]QI Xiang-ling,ZOU Zhi-rong,YANG Rui.Mitigative effect of5-aminolevulinic acid on lettuce under NaCl stress[J].Acta Agric Bo-real-occident Sin,2008,17(2):202-206.祁向玲,邹志荣,杨蕊.外源ALA对NaCl胁迫下生菜植株的缓解效应[J].西北农业学报,2008,17(2):202-206.
• [16]SHEN M,ZHANG ZP,WANG LJ.Effect of5-aminolevulinic acid(ALA)on leaf photosynthesis and antioxidant activity in pear(Pyrus Pyrifolia Nakai)[M].In:Artificial Photosynthesis,ed by MM Najaf-pour,published by InTech,2011:239-265.
• [17]SUN Xin-e,SHEN Ming,WANG Zhong-hua,LI Cui,ZHANG Zhi-ping,WANG Liang-ju.Effects of two leaf fertilizers on photo-synthesis and fruit quality of kidney bean in solar greenhouse[J].J Nanjing Agric University,2011,34(3):37-42.孙新娥,申明,王中华,李翠,张治平,汪良驹.两种叶面肥对日光温室芸豆叶片光合作用和果实品质的影响[J].南京农业大学学报,2011,34(3):37-42.
• [18]SUN Yong-ping,ZHANG Zhi-ping,XU Cheng-xiang,SHEN Chun-miao,GAO Chong,WANG Liang-ju.Effect of ALA on fast chlorophyll fluorescence induction dynamics of watermelon leaves under chilling stress[J].Acta Hort Sin,2009,36:671-678.孙永平,张治平,徐呈祥,申春苗,高充,汪良驹.5-氨基乙酰丙酸处理对低温下西瓜叶片快速叶绿素荧光诱导曲线的影响[J].园艺学报,2009,36:671-678.
• [19]LIU D,PEI Z F,NAEEM M S,MING D F,LIU H B,KHAN F,ZHOU W J.5-Aminolevulinic acid activates antioxidative defence system and seedling growth in Brassica napus L.under water-deficit stress[J].J Agron Crop Sci,2011,197:284-295.
• [20]DUAN Chun-hui,SHEN Ming,ZHANG Zhi-ping,ZHANG Cheng,SUN Lian-cheng,RUAN Shu-cun,WANG Liang-ju.Effects of“Al-strong”amino-acid fertilizer on leaf photosynthesis and yield in two cultivars of soybean[J].J Nanjing Agric University,2012,In press.段春慧,申明,张治平,张诚,孙连城,阮书存,汪良驹.“爱乐壮”氨基酸肥料对大豆品种叶片光合作用与产量的影响[J].南京农业大学学报,2012,(待发).
• [21]SHEN Ming,XIE Li,CHEN Xue-hui,LI Cui,SUN Xin-e,ZHANGZhi-ping,WANG Liang-ju.Effects of“Alstrong”amino-acid fertil-izers on photosynthesis in leaves of pear cultivars[J].J Nanjing Agric University,2012,In press.申明,谢荔,成学慧,李翠,孙新娥,汪良驹.“爱乐壮”氨基酸叶面肥对8个梨品种叶片光合作用的促进效应[J].南京农业大学学报,2012,(待发).
• [22]ZHANG Zhi-ping.Changes of physiological characteristics of the four obtained transgenic Yhem1plants with ability to over-produce 5-aminolevulinic acid[D].Nanjing:Nanjing Agric University,2010.张治平.四种转ALA合酶基因(Yhem1)植物的获得及其生理特性变化的研究[D].南京:南京农业大学,2010.
• [23]NISHIHARA E,KONDO K,PARVEZ MM,TAKAHASHI K,WATANABE K,TANAKA K.Role of5-aminolevulinic acid(ALA)on active oxygen-scavenging system in NaCl-treated spinach(Spinacia oleracea)[J].J Plant Physiol,2003,160:1085-1091.
• [24]SHEN Ming,DUAN Chun-hui,ZHANG Zhi-ping,CHENG Yun,WANG Liang-ju,LI Bai-jian.Effects of exogenous ALA on thin-ning and fruit quality in Hosui pear(Pyrus pyrifolia)[J].Acta Hort Sin,2011,38:1515-1522.申明,段春慧,张治平,程云,汪良驹,李百健.外源ALA处理对‘丰水’梨疏花与果实品质的影响[J].园艺学报,2011,38:1515-1522.
• [25]LI Shi-yi,LI Jing-jia,ZHANG Yan-ming.A preliminary study of flower but differentiation in strawberry[J].J Agric University Hebei,1983,6(2):17-24.李世一,李景佳,张延明.草莓花芽分化规律的初步研究[J].河北农业大学学报,1983,6(2):17-24.
• [26]YANG Lei,YANG Li,LI Li,LI Hai-shan,HAO Bao-chun.Dy-namic regular studies about important characters of strawberry fruit[J].Acta Agric Boreal-Sin,2010,25(S):96-99.杨雷,杨莉,李莉,李海山,郝保春.草莓果实重要性状动态规律研究[J].华北农学报,2010,25(S):96-99.