林顺权;

• 1:华南农业大学园艺学院

摘要(Abstract)：

中国是枇杷原产地,有两千多年的枇杷记载历史;产生了若干重要的枇杷词汇,影响着世界枇杷的传播。因此,考析"枇杷"与"琵琶"、"枇杷"与"卢橘"这两组重要词汇的词源关系,将为枇杷的史实提供更可靠的证据。笔者借助音乐界、音韵学界、语言文字学界对于乐器"琵琶"源流查考的丰富研究成果,利用现代网络技术"阅读器"浏览浩如烟海的史料,对两对词组"枇杷"和"琵琶"、"枇杷"和"卢橘"的词源关系进行考析。重点辨析了枇杷叶"其形如琵琶,故名之"和"卢橘为枇杷的别称"这两个观点。资料表明,枇杷一词早于琵琶出现两三百年,枇杷名不是来源于琵琶;卢橘是芸香科的一种植物,用其指代枇杷的别称是一种误解。因此,枇杷叶"其形如琵琶,故名之"和"卢橘为枇杷的别称"这两个观点属于谬误,应予摒弃。

关键词(KeyWords)： 枇杷;琵琶;卢橘

Abstract:

Keywords:

基金项目(Foundation): 国家自然科学基金(31560091);; 农业部行业科技专项(201003073)

作者(Author): 林顺权;

Email:

DOI:

参考文献(References)：

• [1] LIN S Q,SHARPE R H,JUNICK J. Loquat:Botany and Horticulture[J]. Horticultural Reviews,1999,23:233-276.
• [2] LIN S Q. Loquat,in:encyclopedia of fruits and nuts(eds by Jules Janick and Robert E. Paull)[M]. CABI,2008:643-651.
• [3] VILANOVA S,BADENES M L,MARTINEZ-VALERO J,LLACER G.Analysis of loquat germplasm(Eriobotrya japonica Lindl.)by RAPD molecular markers[J]. Euphytica,2001,121(1):25-29
• [4] NESUMI H. Loquat. In:Horticulture in Japan. Edited by The Japanese Society for Horticultural Science[M]. Shoukadoh Publication,2006:85-95.
• [5]章恢志主编.中国果树志·枇杷[M].北京:中国林业出版社,1996.ZHANG Huizhi. Flora of fruit tree in China·loquat[M]. Beijing:China Forestry Publishing House,1996.
• [6]寇宗奭.1116.《本草衍义》[M].【北宋】,卷十八:101-108.KOU Zongshi. 1116. Amplification on canon of materia medica[M].[Earlier Song Dynasty](960-1127),Vol.18:101-108.
• [7]苏轼.苏东坡全集[M].北京:中华书局,1986:卷七十五.SU Shi. Complete works of Su Dongpo[M]. Beijing:Zhonghua Book Company,1986:Vol.75.
• [8]王振刚.枇杷史略[J].果树学报,1988,5(2):86-88.WANG Zhengang. A brief history of loquat[J]. Journal of Fruit Science,1988,5(2):86-88.
• [9]林顺权.枇杷[M]//热带亚热带果树栽培学(黄辉白主编).北京:高等教育出版社,2003.LIN Shunquan. Loquat[M]//Tropical and subtropical fruit cultivation(edited by HUANG Huibai). Beijing:Higher Education Press,2003.
• [10]李健正.古代丝绸之路与中国琵琶(上)[J].西安音乐学院学报(交响),1993(3):6-8.LI Jianzheng. Relationship between of ancient Silk Road and Chinese Pipa(Lute instrument)(upper)[J]. Journal of Xi'an Conservatory of Music(Symphony),1993(3):6-8.
• [11]韩淑德,张之年.中国琵琶史稿(增补本)[M].上海:上海音乐学院出版社,2010.HAN Shude,ZHANG Zhinian. The history of Chinese Pipa(Lute instrument)(Supplement)[M]. Shanghai:Shanghai Conservatory of Music Press,2010.
• [12]中国民族管弦乐学会.华乐大典·琵琶卷[M].上海:上海音乐出版社,2016.Chinese National Orchestra Society. Hua Le Da Dian Pipa(Lute instrument)Volume[M]. Shanghai:Shanghai Music Publishing House,2016.
• [13]胡雪颖.古籍文献中“琵琶”及其相关语汇混用现象考析[J].重庆第二师范学院学报,2014,27(4):44-61.HU Xueyin. Analysis of mix-used“Pipa”(Lute instrument)and their Chinese characters in ancient books[J].Journal of Chngqing University of Education,2014,27(4):44-61.
• [14]刘新文.批把与元白诗、元杂剧[J].北京联合大学学报(人文社会科学版),2007,5(3):26-31.LIU Xinwen. Pipa and poems by Yuan and Bai and Yuan Zaju Operas[J]. Journal of Beijing Union University(Humanties and Social Sciences),2007,5(3):26-31.
• [15]司马迁.史记[M].卷二十四,乐书第二;卷一百一十七,司马相如列传;卷一百二十三,大宛列传.公元前104-79.中华书局,1959.SIMA Qian. Shiji(Historical Records)[M].Vol.24. Yue Shu second; Vol.117. Biography of Sima Xiangru; Vol.123. Collected biographies of Dawan(an ancient state). 104-79 BC. Beijing:Zhonghua Book Company,1959.
• [16]葛洪著【晋】集注.刘歆原撰《西京杂记》[M].卷一.GE Hong notes[Jin Dynasty]. LIU Xin Edit. Xijing miscellaneous notes[M]. Vol.1.
• [17]郭义恭【西晋】《广志》[M].(三世纪)卷下第6页.GUO Yigong[Xi Jin Dynasty] Guang Zhi[M].(Third Century)Volume 6 page.
• [18]刘熙.释名[M].(影印丛书集成初编本).北京:中华书局,1985:107.LIU Xi. Annotation[M].(First edition of photocopy series). Beijing:Zhonghua Book Company,1985:107.
• [19]庞勉.库车,从龟兹来[N].南方周末(副刊),2018-08-16:C25.PANG Mian. Kuche. From the Qiuci(an ancient state)[N].Southern Weekend(Supplement),2018-08-16:C25.
• [20]耕耘.枇杷文化品趣[J].养生月刊,2014(4):358-359.GENG Yun. Loquat culture interest[J]. Health Preservation Monthly,2014(4):358-359.
• [21]李昉.太平御览[M].卷四十一.北京:中华书局.LI Fang. Tai Ping Yu Lan(Taiping Imperial Encyclopaedia)[M].Vol.41. Beijing:Zhonghua Book Company.
• [22]张应斌.博罗与骆越的起源[J].惠州学院学报(社会科学版),2013,33(1):5-10.ZHANG Ying-bin. The origin of Boro and Luoyue[J]. Journal of Huizhou University(Social Sciences),2013,33(1):5-10.
• [23]李时珍【明】.《本草纲目》. 1578[M].北京:人民卫生出版社,1982:1796-1798.LI Shizhen[Ming Dynasty]. Compendium of Materia Medica.1578[M]. Beijing:People’s Health Publishing House,1982:1797-1798.
• [24]李耕拓.“卢橘”是“枇杷”吗?[J].现代语文(教学研究版),2003(17):15.LI Gengtuo.“Luju”is“loquat”?[J]. Modern languages(Teaching Research Edition),2003(17):15.
• [25]甘廉生,唐小浪.广东柑橘志[M].广州:广东科学技术出版社,2013:57-107.GAN Liansheng,TAN Xiaolang. Flora of Guangdong Citrus[M].Guangdong Science and Technology Press,2013:57-107.
• *吴耕民. 1995.江南珍果(杨梅、枇杷、无花果).浙江农业大学园艺系编。