染色体易位对西瓜主要性状的影响Effect of chromosome translocation on main characteristics in watermelon
刘莉;焦定量;段爱民;张艳宁;郝健全;
摘要(Abstract):
为了研究染色体易位对西瓜花粉败育率、单瓜种子数及果实品质的影响,通过杂交、回交转育方法,分别得到了具有2对和4对染色体相互易位的纯合品系,并用他们配制了F1代杂合体。结果表明2对染色体相互易位使西瓜花粉败育率达49%,单瓜种子数较双亲平均值减少51%,单瓜重增加5.7%,中心糖提高1.4个百分点。而4对染色体相互易位的杂合体,其花粉败育率超过60%,且单瓜种子数减少75%以上,中心糖和边糖分别提高了0.8%和1.3个百分点。利用4对染色体易位育成的津花四号西瓜新品种与其近等位系京欣一号相比,单瓜种子数减少70%,平均仅有70粒左右,单瓜重增加8.5%,含糖量提高0.5个百分点以上,但早期坐果性不如京欣一号。另外,染色体易位导致西瓜的雄花花瓣和雄蕊变小,瓤质变硬,耐贮运性提高,在西瓜育种及生产上将会有广泛的应用前景。
关键词(KeyWords): 西瓜育种;染色体易位;花粉败育;品质
基金项目(Foundation): 天津市自然科学基金资助项目(023804311)。
作者(Author): 刘莉;焦定量;段爱民;张艳宁;郝健全;
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DOI:
参考文献(References):
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