温国;孙皓浦;党江波;蒋朋飞;王金英;杨垚;郭启高;梁国鲁;

• 1:西南大学园艺园林学院和农业科学研究院·南方山地园艺学教育部重点实验室

摘要(Abstract)：

【目的】探讨多倍体与二倍体枇杷(Eriobotrya japonica Lindl.)叶片生理形态特征差异并进行抗旱性初步评价,为枇杷倍性鉴定及抗旱性评价提供参考。【方法】以4个系列18个不同倍性枇杷株系为试验材料,对各株系叶片的形态解剖结构、失水率(RWL)、营养元素含量、叶绿素(Chl)含量进行观察、测定和分析。通过隶属函数法,对其抗旱能力进行初步评价。【结果】枇杷叶片长度、宽度与倍性呈极显著正相关(p <0.01),叶形指数与倍性呈极显著负相关(p <0.01);10项枇杷叶片解剖结构指标与倍性关联度强弱排序依次为:下表皮、上角质层、海绵组织、叶片组织细胞结构疏松度(SR)、叶厚、叶片组织细胞结构紧密度(CTR)、下角质层、栅栏组织、栅栏组织细胞层数、上表皮,其中上角质层、下角质层、CTR与倍性呈负相关;在40℃下干旱处理6 h后,A系列、H系列、K系列失水率与倍性均呈负相关,在24 h后失水率与倍性呈显著负相关(p <0.05);氮(N)、磷(P)、钾(K)、铁(Fe)、叶绿素a(Chl.a)、叶绿素b(Chl.b)、总叶绿素含量Chl.(a+b)含量与倍性关联度强弱排序依次为:N、K、P、Chl.b、Chl.(a+b)、Fe、Chl.a,其中N、P、K含量与倍性呈负相关;参考枇杷叶片解剖结构与失水率进行抗旱性隶属函数分析‘:A313’(3x)‘、A322’(3x)‘、B350’(3x)‘、B431’(4x)‘、4X(2)’(4x)‘、H324’(3x)‘、K3’(3x)‘、K4’(4x)抗旱性均强于同系列二倍体。【结论】枇杷叶片生理形态指标可作为枇杷倍性鉴定的参考指标,抗旱性评价中的8个抗旱性强的多倍体枇杷材料可用于进一步抗旱性研究,培育多倍体可作为提高枇杷抗旱性的一种途径。

关键词(KeyWords)： 枇杷;多倍体;生理形态特征;抗旱性;隶属函数法

Abstract:

Keywords:

基金项目(Foundation): 国家自然科学基金（31701876）;; 重庆市科委重点研发项目（cstc2018jscx-mszdX0054）;重庆市科委基础科学与前沿技术研究（一般）（cstc2017jcyjAX0433）;; 西南大学中央高校基本科研业务费团队项目（XDJK2019AA001）

作者(Author): 温国;孙皓浦;党江波;蒋朋飞;王金英;杨垚;郭启高;梁国鲁;

Email:

DOI: 10.13925/j.cnki.gsxb.20190082

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