李庆军;吴忠强;田新;杜秀芹;崔卫国;

• 1:黄河三角洲(滨州)国家农业科技园区管理委员会
• 2:无棣县林业服务中心
• 3:无棣现康种植专业合作社

摘要(Abstract)：

【目的】为明确钾与‘短枝’冬枣皱缩的关系及其生理机制,以便制定有效的防治方案。【方法】以‘短枝’冬枣为试验材料,研究不同时期(幼果期、膨大期、白熟期)叶面喷施0.05 g·mL-1K2SO4对果实皱缩率、细胞壁成分果胶和纤维素及其降解酶活性、果实硬度和显微结构的影响。【结果】不同时期喷钾均降低了果实皱缩率;不同程度地提高了果实果胶与纤维素含量,降低了果实果胶酶与纤维素酶的活性,增强了果实硬度,改善了果实显微结构。其中,果实膨大期喷钾对防止果实皱缩、增加果胶含量效果极显著,分别比对照降低60.65%和增加95.4%;膨大期和白熟期喷钾可保持果皮角质层的完整性,维持表皮细胞密实度和规整性,减少果肉空腔数量。又以膨大期喷施效果最好;果实皱缩率与果胶含量显著正相关,与果胶酶活性显著负相关,相关系数分别达0.997 6和0.994 6。果实皱缩率与纤维素含量及其分解酶活性的相关性不显著。【结论】果实膨大期叶面喷施K2SO4降低‘短枝’冬枣成熟期果实皱缩率效果最好。因此,7月20日起每隔7 d喷1次,共喷施3次0.05 g·m L-1的K2SO4是防治‘短枝’冬枣成熟期果实皱缩的有效措施。

关键词(KeyWords)： ‘短枝’冬枣;皱缩;K_2SO_4;果胶;显微结构

Abstract:

Keywords:

基金项目(Foundation): 山东省2019年重点研发计划项目(2019GNC21518)

作者(Author): 李庆军;吴忠强;田新;杜秀芹;崔卫国;

Email:

DOI: 10.13925/j.cnki.gsxb.20200188

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